Abstract The German unification in 1990 generated many benefits, but also many disappointments. After the introduction of the monetary union between the GDR and West Germany on 1 July 1990, the East German industry collapsed, and mass unemployment became persistent. Ever since the modalities of the monetary union have been discussed controversially. This paper reconstructs the decision-making processes and negotiations towards monetary union. To a high extent, this reconstruction is based on original documents. Early on in Bonn a consensus was reached that monetary union had to be introduced soon, the rapid decline of the GDR making stepwise approaches impossible. Many officials were aware of the detrimental effects of a 1:1 conversion of the wages. But few dared to go against the widespread demands for 1:1 in the GDR population and government, not the least because of over-optimistic promises before the elections in the GDR in March 1990.

中文翻译：

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数据不足，时间跨度短，错觉和多重压力：1990年设计了德国货币联盟

摘要1990年德国统一产生了很多好处，但也令人失望。1990年7月1日，德国民主共和国与西德之间建立货币联盟后，东德工业崩溃，大规模失业持续存在。自从货币联盟的模式被讨论以来，一直存在争议。本文重构了货币联盟的决策过程和谈判。在很大程度上，这种重建是基于原始文件的。在波恩早些时候，人们达成了一项共识，即必须尽快建立货币联盟，而由于德国民主共和国的迅速衰落，不可能采取逐步的方式。许多官员意识到1：1换算工资的不利影响。但是很少有人敢违背GDR人口和政府对1：1的普遍要求，