This paper analyzes the effects of import competition on Indonesian local labor markets in term of manufacturing employment share, non-manufacturing employment share, unemployment rate, and wages. A rapid increase of globalization has caused many countries including Indonesia experienced a significant increase in imports, which lead to a tougher import competition. Using data of imports and 430 districts in Indonesia in the period of 2007-2013, we found that import competition has negatively affected manufacturing employment share, non-manufacturing employment share, and wages. It also increased unemployment. In addition, the highest impact was mainly driven by imports of consumption goods

中文翻译：

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进口竞争和当地劳动力市场：印度尼西亚的案例

本文分析了进口竞争对印尼当地劳动力市场的制造业就业份额、非制造业就业份额、失业率和工资的影响。全球化的快速发展，导致包括印尼在内的许多国家进口大幅增加，进口竞争更加激烈。使用 2007-2013 年期间印度尼西亚的进口和 430 个地区的数据，我们发现进口竞争对制造业就业份额、非制造业就业份额和工资产生了负面影响。它还增加了失业率。此外，影响最大的主要是消费品进口。