ABSTRACT The Jurisprudence Lecture, delivered by Ayelet Shachar, challenges the established dichotomy between open and closed borders, showing that one of the most remarkable developments of recent years is that borders are simultaneously both more open and more closed. Membership boundaries are not fixed or static. Instead, they expand or shrink, selectively and strategically, depending on the target populations they encounter. Moving beyond the open-closed binary, Shachar conceptualises a far more dynamic, multifaceted, and kaleidoscopic process, which we might call the grand transformation of citizenship. Drawing on a rich set of comparative examples, this article explores three intersecting yet analytically distinct dimensions of the realignment of citizenship: the territorial, the cultural, and the economic. This framework of analysis highlights the interconnected facets driving this transformation, and considers the puzzles that emerge when we think about them in tandem. The moving parts that together comprise this transformation generate novel strategic possibilities for the state, which in turn creates new latitudes for the few and new restrictions for the many. Shachar's goal, ambitious from the start, is to engage in theory-building by articulating the form and function of each of these facets of transformation. She further demonstrates how their variable combinations intermingle to police and restrict (or alternatively, relax and facilitate) access to membership in a globalising world, determining who may overcome the odds in the birthright lottery.

中文翻译：

---

超越开放和封闭的边界：公民身份的巨大转变*

摘要 Ayelet Shachar 发表的法学讲座挑战了开放边界和封闭边界之间既定的二分法，表明近年来最显着的发展之一是边界同时更加开放和更加封闭。成员边界不是固定的或静态的。相反，它们会根据遇到的目标人群有选择地和战略性地扩大或缩小。超越开闭二元，沙查尔概念化了一个更加动态、多方面和万花筒的过程，我们可以称之为公民身份的大转变。本文利用一组丰富的比较示例，探讨了公民身份调整的三个相互交叉但在分析上截然不同的维度：领土、文化和经济。这个分析框架突出了推动这种转变的相互关联的方面，并考虑了当我们同时考虑它们时出现的难题。共同构成这种转变的活动部分为国家创造了新的战略可能性，这反过来又为少数人创造了新的纬度，为多数人创造了新的限制。Shachar 从一开始就雄心勃勃，其目标是通过阐明转型的每个方面的形式和功能来进行理论构建。她进一步展示了他们的可变组合如何与警察和限制（或者，放松和促进）在全球化世界中获得会员资格相结合，确定谁可以克服与生俱来的彩票机会。并考虑当我们同时考虑它们时出现的难题。共同构成这种转变的活动部分为国家创造了新的战略可能性，这反过来又为少数人创造了新的纬度，为多数人创造了新的限制。Shachar 从一开始就雄心勃勃，其目标是通过阐明转型的每个方面的形式和功能来进行理论构建。她进一步展示了他们的可变组合如何与警察和限制（或者，放松和促进）在全球化世界中获得会员资格相结合，确定谁可以克服与生俱来的彩票机会。并考虑当我们同时考虑它们时出现的难题。共同构成这种转变的活动部分为国家创造了新的战略可能性，这反过来又为少数人创造了新的纬度，为多数人创造了新的限制。Shachar 从一开始就雄心勃勃，其目标是通过阐明转型的每个方面的形式和功能来进行理论构建。她进一步展示了他们的可变组合如何与警察和限制（或者，放松和促进）在全球化世界中获得会员资格相结合，确定谁可以克服与生俱来的彩票机会。这反过来又为少数人创造了新的纬度，为多数人创造了新的限制。Shachar 从一开始就雄心勃勃，其目标是通过阐明转型的每个方面的形式和功能来进行理论构建。她进一步展示了他们的可变组合如何与警察和限制（或者，放松和促进）在全球化世界中获得会员资格相结合，决定谁可以克服与生俱来的彩票机会。这反过来又为少数人创造了新的空间，为多数人创造了新的限制。Shachar 从一开始就雄心勃勃，其目标是通过阐明转型的每个方面的形式和功能来进行理论构建。她进一步展示了他们的可变组合如何与警察和限制（或者，放松和促进）在全球化世界中获得会员资格相结合，确定谁可以克服与生俱来的彩票机会。