ABSTRACT

The photographic work of Captain Linnaeus Tripe (ca. 1851–1860) falls in a transitional decade in which the albumen print began to supplant the salted paper print process. In the 1850s, a wide variety of albumen recipes led to a broad range of print sheens from matte to semi-glossy. These low sheen prints are more difficult to distinguish from salted paper prints. The presence of an albumen binder layer in these prints may not be as obvious as in later albumen prints, even under magnification. Instrumental analysis, such as infrared spectroscopy, can identify the presence of protein but cannot reliably differentiate between a binder layer and a subsequent coating. This paper discusses the visual and scientific analysis of prints created by Tripe. In addition, a set of standardized albumen print simulacra based on a recipe used by Tripe was prepared for comparison to his prints. Both groups of prints were investigated by visual examination, gloss measurement, and non-sampling instrumental analysis by ATR-FTIR, in addition to SEM analysis of the simulacra. The results of the research help to explain the material character of these prints and similar lightly albumenized prints of this period.

摘要

Linnaeus Tripe上尉（约1851–1860年）的摄影作品属于过渡时期，在此期间，蛋白印版开始取代盐纸印刷工艺。在1850年代，各种各样的蛋白粉配方导致了从哑光到半光面的各种印刷光泽。这些低光泽的印刷品更难与咸纸印刷品区分开。在这些印刷品中，即使在放大的情况下，蛋白粘合剂层的存在也可能不如后来的蛋白印刷品中明显。仪器分析（例如红外光谱）可以识别蛋白质的存在，但不能可靠地区分粘合剂层和后续涂层。本文讨论了Tripe创作的版画的视觉和科学分析。此外，准备了一套基于Tripe所用配方的标准化蛋白打印模拟物，以与他的打印物进行比较。除通过模拟物的SEM分析外，还通过目视检查，光泽度测量和ATR-FTIR的非取样仪器分析对两组印刷品进行了研究。研究结果有助于解释这些印刷品和这一时期类似的轻度蛋白化印刷品的材料特征。