ABSTRACT Art-of-war literature provided instruction on a wide range of social practices, from the logistics of war and military engineering to guidelines for the development of military moral codes. Spanish manuals on military fortification show that surveillance was an integral feature in early modern military architecture. Although studies of the art-of-war have yielded insights into turning points in intellectual and military history, there is presently a dearth of studies on art-of-war literature that examine the interrelations of architecture, surveillance and the cultures of war. Utilizing assemblage theory and Henri Lefebvre’s notion of social space, this study investigates how architecture produced surveillance in early modern Spanish military social spaces, as described in a number of representative Spanish military manuals. In the martial contexts they address, surveillance practices that produced dominant and dominated social spaces relied on strategies of visualization based on Euclidian geometry. I conclude that the application of those strategies engendered complex forms of visibility and practices of seeing in which surveillance was inextricably linked with targeting, and the stage was set for the mobilization of fluid and decentered surveillance mechanisms that sought to appropriate the war machine.

中文翻译：

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早期现代军事建筑中监视的社会空间

摘要 战争艺术文献提供了关于广泛的社会实践的指导，从战争后勤和军事工程到军事道德准则的发展指南。西班牙的军事设防手册表明，监视是早期现代军事建筑的一个组成部分。尽管对战争艺术的研究已经产生了对知识和军事历史转折点的洞察，但目前缺乏对战争艺术文献的研究，这些研究考察了建筑、监视和战争文化的相互关系。本研究利用组合理论和 Henri Lefebvre 的社会空间概念，调查了建筑如何在早期现代西班牙军事社会空间中产生监视，如许多具有代表性的西班牙军事手册所述。在他们讨论的军事环境中，产生主导和主导社会空间的监视实践依赖于基于欧几里得几何的可视化策略。我的结论是，这些策略的应用产生了复杂形式的可见性和观察实践，其中监视与目标密不可分，并且为动员寻求占用战争机器的流动和去中心化的监视机制奠定了基础。