Abstract

Using the legitimacy lens from institutional theory and a multi-level analysis of 29,175 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor respondents from 16 countries, we examine how national culture and societal attitudes influence individual level decisions to allocate entrepreneurial talent into revenue generating and not-for-profit social enterprises. We find the stigma of business failure to be positively associated with the probability that individuals will invest their entrepreneurial talents into a social venture. We also find that in both performance-based cultures and socially supportive cultures, the positive effects of the stigma of business failure on social entrepreneurship entry are decreased. Our findings suggest that informal institutions significantly influence the revenue generating-strategy of social entrepreneurship. However, they have no significant correlation to the nonprofit-strategy of social entrepreneurship. These findings underscore the complexity of balancing the competing logics of profit maximisation with social value maximisation in the decision to organise start-ups as social enterprises.

摘要

利用制度理论的合法性镜头和对来自 16 个国家的 29,175 名全球创业监测受访者的多层次分析，我们研究了国家文化和社会态度如何影响个人层面的决策，以将创业人才分配到创收和非营利性社会企业. 我们发现企业失败的污名与个人将其创业才能投资于社会企业的可能性呈正相关。我们还发现，在基于绩效的文化和社会支持文化中，企业失败的污名对社会企业家进入的积极影响都降低了。我们的研究结果表明，非正式机构显着影响社会创业的创收策略。然而，它们与社会创业的非营利战略没有显着相关性。这些发现强调了在决定将初创企业组织为社会企业时平衡利润最大化与社会价值最大化的竞争逻辑的复杂性。