Abstract

Facilitating entrepreneurship through micro-credit, micro-franchise, and micro-consignment potentially helps to alleviate desperate poverty. However, the effectiveness of these facilitators have varied from positive outcomes of poverty alleviation to negative outcomes of increased debt. Therefore, we seek to understand: how and why are different facilitators of entrepreneurial activity at the Base of the Pyramid (BOP) relatively more effective at alleviating poverty? Building on the foundation of person-entrepreneurship fit, we introduce the construct of person-facilitator fit and develop propositions about how and why the fit between entrepreneurs and the different facilitators of entrepreneurship may influence poverty alleviation. Specifically, using a remediation perspective, we explicate how the demands-abilities and needs-supplies fit between an entrepreneur and the different facilitators of micro-credit, micro-franchise and micro-consignment moderates the likelihood of poverty alleviation and how person-facilitator fit moderates the magnitude of poverty alleviation over time. We offer theoretical and practical implications of our framework for different perspectives (remediation, reform, and revolution) on entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation.

摘要

通过小额信贷、小额特许经营和小额寄售促进创业可能有助于缓解极度贫困。然而，这些促进者的有效性各不相同，从减轻贫困的积极结果到增加债务的消极结果。因此，我们试图了解：金字塔底部（BOP）创业活动的不同促进者如何以及为什么在减轻贫困方面相对更有效？在人与创业契合的基础上，我们引入了人与促进者契合的概念，并提出了关于企业家与不同创业促进者之间的契合如何以及为什么会影响扶贫的命题。具体来说，使用修复的角度，我们解释了如何企业家与小额信贷、小额特许经营和小额寄售的不同促进者之间的需求能力和需求-供应契合会缓和减贫的可能性，而个人促进者的契合度会随着时间的推移缓和减贫的幅度。我们为创业和扶贫的不同观点（补救、改革和革命）提供了我们的框架的理论和实践意义。