Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the production cycle of glazed porcelain stoneware, from the extraction of raw materials to the packaging of the finished product, with the aim of verifying the effects of integrating an environmental impact assessment into the decision-making process for managing the life cycle, to make it economically and ecologically sustainable, in a holistic approach along the supply-chain. Design/methodology/approach The research is performed using the life cycle assessment and life cycle costing methodologies, to identify environmental impacts and costs, that occur during extraction of raw materials, transportation, ceramic tiles production, material handling, distribution and end-of-life stages within a cradle to grave perspective. Findings Through the use of a comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact assessment and related externalities, three possible strategic options to improve the environmental performance and costs of ceramic tile production were formulated, leveraging sustainability as a competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications This exploratory research opens future lines of investigation, the first of which is to confirm the technological feasibility and market responsiveness to the three strategic solutions hypothesised thanks to the use of an innovative eco-design technique. Originality/value The research has allowed testing and validating the tools of environmental impact assessment (life cycle assessment) and economic impact assessment (life cycle costing as structured methodologies in a life cycle management framework, to help companies implement competitive strategies based on sustainability.

中文翻译：

---

可持续供应链（SSC）中面向生命周期的瓷砖设计

目的本文的目的是分析釉面瓷materials器的生产周期，从原材料的提取到成品的包装，以验证将环境影响评估纳入决策过程的效果。在整个供应链中采用整体方法来管理生命周期，使其在经济和生态上可持续发展。设计/方法/方法使用生命周期评估和生命周期成本计算方法进行研究，以识别在原材料提取，运输，瓷砖生产，材料处理，分配和最终使用过程中发生的环境影响和成本。从摇篮到坟墓的人生阶段。调查结果通过对环境影响评估和相关外部因素的综合分析，制定了三种可能的战略方案，以提高瓷砖生产的环境绩效和成本，并利用可持续性作为竞争优势。研究的局限性/意义该探索性研究开启了未来的研究方向，其中第一个研究是要确认由于采用了创新的生态设计技术而对假设的三种战略解决方案的技术可行性和市场响应能力。独创性/价值该研究允许测试和验证环境影响评估（生命周期评估）和经济影响评估（生命周期成本作为生命周期管理框架中的结构化方法）的工具，