The safety properties and desirable detonation performance of energetic materials (EMs) are mutually exclusive, therefore, various strategies including the coating, doping, crystallization, and co-crystallization, are applied to achieve high-energy insensitive explosives with well-balanced energy and safety level. Among these strategies, the crystallization is the most commonly method owing to its low cost and facile process, through which the tuning of the particle size and morphology, adjust sensitivity of EMs by tailoring the processes conditions. As the control of the crystal particle size is difficult, the ultrasound and electrospray are introduced, and by use of the spray drying or spray-assisted electrospray methods, the spherical RDX, HMX, and CL-20 crystals with less defects is obtained. Moreover, the perfect spherical crystals are gained without agglomeration through employing polymeric additives in the crystallization process. In general, the crystallization with spray drying, electrospray, and ultrasound-assisted solvent/antisolvent are the optimal crystals preparation methods. The nano-crystals with narrow particle size distribution are less sensitive to external stimuli than irregular microcrystals, and defects are associated with hot spots, the safety and energy performance of EMs could be well balanced by crystallization.

高能材料（EM）的安全性和理想的爆炸性能是相互排斥的，因此，采用了包括包覆，掺杂，结晶和共结晶在内的各种策略来实现能量平衡且安全的高能不敏感炸药等级。在这些策略中，结晶是最廉价的方法，因为其成本低廉且易于加工，通过调节粒度和形态，可以通过调整工艺条件来调节EMs的敏感性。由于难以控制晶体粒径，因此引入了超声波和电喷雾，并且通过使用喷雾干燥或喷雾辅助电喷雾方法，获得了缺陷较少的球形RDX，HMX和CL-20晶体。而且，通过在结晶过程中使用聚合物添加剂，可以获得无团聚的完美球形晶体。通常，通过喷雾干燥，电喷雾和超声辅助溶剂/反溶剂进行结晶是最佳的晶体制备方法。与不规则的微晶相比，具有窄粒度分布的纳米晶体对外部刺激的敏感性较低，并且缺陷与热点有关，通过结晶可以很好地平衡EM的安全性和能量性能。