Data, information, knowledge, and wisdom forms a progressive relationship. Information is formed by data collation. Knowledge is filtered, refined, and processed from relevant information. Wisdom is based on knowledge and is accumulated through experience. This paper uses the progressive relationship of service data, information, knowledge, and wisdom to explain the expression of service knowledge graph. It is an increasingly challenging demand to discover trusted Cloud service providers with service data, information, and knowledge. We propose an efficient method of trusted service provider discovery based on service knowledge graphs, called PDG (Provider Discovery based on Graphs), to ensure that each service instance of composite services in Cloud systems is trustworthy. PDG evaluates the outputs of service providers in service classes with the help of additional service information. According to the additional service information, service knowledge is generated and trusted service providers can be found easily. PDG improves the accuracy of processing results by automatically replacing data provided by untrusted service providers with results provided by trusted service providers.

中文翻译：

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基于数据、信息、知识和智慧的可信服务提供商发现

数据、信息、知识和智慧形成一种递进的关系。信息是通过数据整理形成的。知识是从相关信息中过滤、提炼和处理的。智慧是建立在知识的基础上，是通过经验积累起来的。本文利用服务数据、信息、知识、智慧的递进关系来解释服务知识图谱的表达。发现具有服务数据、信息和知识的可信云服务提供商是一项越来越具有挑战性的需求。我们提出了一种基于服务知识图谱的可信服务提供者发现的有效方法，称为PDG（Provider Discovery based on Graphs），以保证云系统中复合服务的每个服务实例都是可信的。PDG 在附加服务信息的帮助下评估服务类别中服务提供商的输出。根据附加的服务信息，生成服务知识，轻松找到可信赖的服务提供者。PDG 通过将不受信任的服务提供商提供的数据自动替换为受信任的服务提供商提供的结果来提高处理结果的准确性。