Taking a developmental perspective, guided by core principles of developmental science and developmental psychopathology, is necessary to move the fields of personality science and psychopathology forward. Personality and psychopathology can be delineated using hierarchical models of individual differences, as evidenced by decades of converging evidence across community and psychiatric samples, countries and cultures, and ages and developmental periods. A large body of empirical research likewise documents associations between personality and various forms of psychopathology. Cross-sectional investigations of personality–psychopathology links in samples of adults now yield diminishing returns. Prospective, longitudinal investigations that assess personality, psychopathology, and their co-development across the life span are needed to determine their temporal ordering, capture dynamic associations over time and development, and elucidate causal origins and underlying mechanisms. We lay out a developmental framework that integrates across the developmental, personality, and psychopathology literatures in order to further understanding and guide future investigations of the nature of personality–psychopathology links.

中文翻译：

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对整个生命周期的人格和精神病理学的发展观点

在发展科学和发展精神病理学的核心原则的指导下，从发展的角度出发，是推动人格科学和精神病理学领域向前发展的必要条件。人格和精神病理学可以使用个体差异的等级模型来描述，数十年来社区和精神病学样本、国家和文化以及年龄和发育时期的融合证据证明了这一点。大量实证研究同样记录了人格与各种形式的精神病理学之间的关联。现在，对成年人样本中人格-精神病理学联系的横断面调查产生的收益递减。评估人格、精神病理学、需要它们在整个生命周期中的共同发展来确定它们的时间顺序，捕捉随时间和发展的动态关联，并阐明因果起源和潜在机制。我们制定了一个整合发展、人格和精神病理学文献的发展框架，以进一步理解和指导未来对人格-精神病理学联系的本质的研究。