When previous research is cited incorrectly, misinformation can infiltrate scientific discourse and undermine scholarly knowledge. One of the more damaging citation issues involves incorrectly citing article content (called quotation errors); therefore, investigating quotation accuracy is an important research endeavor. One field where quotation accuracy is needed is in the learning sciences given its impact on pedagogy. An integral article in pedagogical discussions surrounding how to teach at the college level is the meta-analysis on active learning by Freeman et al. The Freeman et al. meta-analysis compared active learning to traditional lecture in terms of its effects on student learning and has been important in national initiatives on STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) reform. Given its influence coupled with the impact quotation errors could have in scientific discourse, we used citation context analysis to analyze whether assertions in the citing text that related to the efficacy of lecture and active learning were supported by what was explicitly stated in the cited meta-analysis. Assertions were analyzed undersupported, unsupported, or irrelevant for purposes of study categories. The most prevalent supported category related to active learning being more effective than lecture; the most prevalent unsupported category related to the effectiveness of specific activities/approaches other than the general approach of active learning. Overall, the percentage of supported assertions was 47.67%, and the percentage of unsupported assertions was 26.01%. Furthermore, the percentage of articles containing at least one unsupported assertion was 34.77%. Proactive measures are needed to reduce the incidence of quotation errors to ensure robust scientific integrity.

如果错误地引用了先前的研究，错误的信息可能会渗入科学话语并破坏学术知识。更具破坏性的引文问题之一是错误地引用了文章内容（称为引用错误）。因此，调查报价准确性是一项重要的研究工作。考虑到报价对教学法的影响，在学习科学中需要报价准确性的一个领域。Freeman等人对主动学习进行了荟萃分析，是围绕大学教学方式进行教学讨论的重要文章。Freeman等。荟萃分析将主动学习与传统讲座对学生学习的影响进行了比较，并且在国家STEM（科学，技术，工程和数学）改革计划中发挥了重要作用。鉴于其影响力加上科学语篇中可能会产生的影响引号错误，我们使用引文上下文分析来分析引文中与演讲和主动学习的功效相关的主张是否得到所引用的meta-明确说明的支持。分析。出于研究类别的目的，对断言的支持不足，不支持或不相关进行了分析。支持最广泛的与主动学习有关的类别比讲授更有效；与普遍的主动学习方法不同，最普遍的不受支持的类别与特定活动/方法的有效性有关。总体而言，支持的声明比例为47.67％，而不受支持的声明比例为26.01％。此外，包含至少一个不受支持的断言的文章的百分比为34.77％。需要采取积极措施以减少报价错误的发生率，以确保稳健的科学完整性。