The interactions between individual factors (i.e., cognitive empathy, affective empathy) and situational factors (i.e., perceived popularity of a bully) in predicting passive bystanding or defending of the victim in a bullying situation were examined. A total of 522 Korean secondary school students answered survey questions and responded to vignettes depicting bullying scenarios that included the different popularity statuses of the bully. The results revealed that high affective empathy positively predicted defending negatively predicted passive bystanding regardless of the perceived popularity of the bully. However, when bystanders had low affective empathy and high cognitive empathy, as the perceived popularity of the bully increased, their intention to remain passive also increased but their intention to defend the victim decreased.

在预测欺凌情况下受害者的被动待命或捍卫时，研究了个体因素（即认知同情，情感同情）和情境因素（即欺负者的知名度）之间的相互作用。共有522名韩国中学生回答了调查问题，并回答了描述欺凌情况的小插图，其中包括欺凌者的不同受欢迎程度。结果表明，无论被欺负者的受欢迎程度如何，高情感共情都会积极预测防御能力，而消极预测则会导致消极态度。但是，当旁观者的情感移情和认知移情低时，随着欺凌者的知名度增加，他们保持被动的意愿也会增加，但捍卫受害者的意愿却会降低。