Introduction

Imaging of retinal structure in psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) is a novel approach to studying effect of this illness class on CNS structure. Studies of optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revealed significant reductions in regarding: retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macular thickness (MT), ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and macular volume (MV). Sex differences in retinal structure in PSD have not been previously explored.

Methods

This cross-sectional pilot study included 81 participant of age matched patients and controls. There were no differences between genders regarding illness duration and antipsychotic daily dose in the patient group. SD-OCT assessed RNFL, GC-IPL, MT, MV, and optic nerve cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio. In order to assess the main effects of illness, sex, and illness × sex interaction on the retinal parameters, general linear model was performed.

Results

Patients demonstrated abnormalities on all OCT indices. Effects of sex were observed for central subfield MT and C/D ratio, which were lower in females. An illness × sex interaction effect was observed for the left MT, indicating greater thinning in female patients.

Conclusion

Sex differences in OCT findings in PSD appear to be most prominent considering macular parameters. These preliminary data may have important implications for the valid interpretation of OCT findings as potential biomarkers for PSD.

中文翻译：

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精神病谱系障碍患者视网膜黄斑厚度的性别差异

介绍

精神病谱系障碍 (PSD) 中的视网膜结构成像是研究此类疾病对 CNS 结构影响的一种新方法。光学相干断层扫描 (OCT) 的研究表明：视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL)、黄斑厚度 (MT)、神经节细胞内丛状层 (GC-IPL) 和黄斑体积 (MV) 显着减少。PSD中视网膜结构的性别差异以前没有被探索过。

方法

这项横断面初步研究包括 81 名年龄匹配的患者和对照组的参与者。患者组的疾病持续时间和抗精神病药物的每日剂量没有性别差异。SD-OCT 评估了 RNFL、GC-IPL、MT、MV 和视神经杯盘 (C/D) 比率。为了评估疾病、性别和疾病×性别相互作用对视网膜参数的主要影响，进行了一般线性模型。

结果

患者在所有 OCT 指标上都表现出异常。观察到性别对中央子场 MT 和 C/D 比的影响，在女性中较低。左侧 MT 观察到疾病 × 性别相互作用效应，表明女性患者更薄。

结论

考虑到黄斑参数，PSD 中 OCT 发现的性别差异似乎最为突出。这些初步数据可能对有效解释 OCT 发现作为 PSD 的潜在生物标志物具有重要意义。