To achieve efficient recovery of subsurface energy resources, a suitable trajectory needs to be identified for the production well. In this study, a new approach is presented for automated identification of optimum well trajectories in heterogeneous oil/gas reservoirs. The optimisation procedures are as follows. First, a productivity potential map is generated based on the site characterisation data of a reservoir (when available). Second, based on the fast-marching method, well paths are generated from a number of entrance positions to a number of exit points at opposite sides of the reservoir. The well trajectory is also locally constrained by a prescribed maximum curvature to ensure that the well trajectory is drillable. Finally, the optimum well trajectory is selected from all the candidate paths based on the calculation of a benefit-to-cost ratio. If required, a straight directional well path, may also be derived through a linear approximation to the optimised non-linear trajectory by least squares analysis. Model performance has been demonstrated in both 2D and 3D. In the 2D example, the benefit-to-cost ratio of the optimised well is much higher than that of a straight well; in the 3D example, laterals of various curvatures are generated. The applicability of the method is tested by exploring different reservoir heterogeneities and curvature constraints. This approach can be applied to determine the entrance/exit positions and the well path for subsurface energy system development, which is useful for field applications.

为了实现地下能量资源的有效回收，需要为生产井确定合适的轨迹。在这项研究中，提出了一种新方法，用于自动识别非均质油气藏中的最佳井眼轨迹。优化步骤如下。首先，根据储层的场地特征数据（如果可用）生成生产力潜力图。第二，基于快速行进方法，从油藏相对两侧的多个入口位置到多个出口点生成了井道。井眼轨迹还局部受规定的最大曲率约束，以确保井眼轨迹可钻。最后，基于利益成本比的计算，从所有候选路径中选择最佳井眼轨迹。如果需要，也可以通过最小二乘分析对优化的非线性轨迹进行线性近似，从而得出定向井道。模型性能已在2D和3D中得到证明。在2D示例中，优化井的收益成本比远高于直井的收益/成本比。在3D示例中，将生成各种曲率的侧面。通过探索不同的储层非均质性和曲率约束条件来测试该方法的适用性。该方法可用于确定地下能量系统开发的入口/出口位置和井道，这对现场应用很有用。也可以通过最小二乘分析对优化的非线性轨迹进行线性近似，从而得出直线定向井径。模型性能已在2D和3D中得到证明。在2D示例中，优化井的收益成本比远高于直井的收益/成本比。在3D示例中，将生成各种曲率的侧面。通过探索不同的储层非均质性和曲率约束条件来测试该方法的适用性。这种方法可用于确定地下能量系统开发的入口/出口位置和井道，这对现场应用很有用。也可以通过最小二乘分析对优化的非线性轨迹进行线性近似，从而得出直线定向井径。模型性能已在2D和3D中得到证明。在2D示例中，优化井的收益成本比远高于直井的收益/成本比。在3D示例中，将生成各种曲率的侧面。通过探索不同的储层非均质性和曲率约束条件来测试该方法的适用性。这种方法可用于确定地下能量系统开发的入口/出口位置和井道，这对现场应用很有用。在2D示例中，优化井的收益成本比远高于直井的收益/成本比。在3D示例中，将生成各种曲率的侧面。通过探索不同的储层非均质性和曲率约束条件来测试该方法的适用性。这种方法可用于确定地下能量系统开发的入口/出口位置和井道，这对现场应用很有用。在2D示例中，优化井的收益成本比远高于直井的收益/成本比。在3D示例中，将生成各种曲率的侧面。通过探索不同的储层非均质性和曲率约束条件来测试该方法的适用性。这种方法可用于确定地下能量系统开发的入口/出口位置和井道，这对现场应用很有用。