In recent times, cost effective synthesis of semiconductor materials has been a subject of concern for the day to today applications. In this work, novelty has been made on the facile synthesis of metal oxides (TiO₂ and CeO₂) and nanocomposites (TiO₂–CeO₂) through sol-gel and precipitation methods of imparting lemon extract. The synthesized materials behave as the functional catalysts which has been further carried out for the photocatalytic degradation against 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). The materials are then valued for the structural and optical properties. The lemon extract used in synthesis has played a premier role in upgrading the charge carrier separation, bandgap, and size reduction of the composite system. Further, the CeO₂ supported TiO₂ sample acts as the better visible light catalyst, due to the prevention of aggregation and existence of line dislocation that supported to access the additional electron trap sites.

近年来，以经济有效的方式合成半导体材料已成为当今应用的关注主题。在这项工作中，金属氧化物（TiO ₂和CeO ₂）和纳米复合材料（TiO ₂ -CeO ₂）的简便合成已经取得了新颖性。）通过溶胶-凝胶和沉淀方法得到柠檬提取物。合成的材料起着功能催化剂的作用，该催化剂已经进一步进行了对2，4-二氯苯酚（2，4-DCP）的光催化降解。然后对材料的结构和光学性能进行评估。合成中使用的柠檬提取物在提高复合体系的电荷载流子分离，带隙和减小尺寸方面起着首要作用。此外，由于防止聚集和存在支持进入额外电子陷阱位点的线位错的存在，CeO ₂负载的TiO ₂样品充当了更好的可见光催化剂。