Incidentally discovered adrenal masses are common and mostly benign and non-functioning adenomas. However, evolving evidence suggests that a notable proportion of these adrenal adenomas may demonstrate mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS), which has been associated with an increased risk for hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, vertebral fractures, adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality. Therefore, it is advised that all patients with an incidentally discovered adrenal mass be tested for MACS. When there is convincing evidence for MACS, surgical adrenalectomy has been associated with an improvement in certain metabolic parameters and a reduction in vertebral fractures; however, conclusive evidence demonstrating decreased cardiovascular outcomes or mortality are not yet available. Future studies with adequate randomization and follow-up to assess adverse clinical endpoints are needed to determine the optimal management and follow-up of patients with MACS.

偶然发现的肾上腺肿块是常见的，多数是良性和无功能的腺瘤。然而，不断发展的证据表明，这些肾上腺腺瘤中有相当一部分可能表现出轻度自主性皮质醇分泌（MACS），这与高血压，高血糖，肥胖，血脂异常，椎骨骨折，不良心血管事件和死亡率的风险增加有关。因此，建议对所有偶然发现肾上腺肿块的患者进行MACS检查。当有令人信服的MACS证据时，外科肾上腺切除术可改善某些代谢参数并减少椎骨骨折。但是，尚无确凿的证据表明心血管结局或死亡率降低。