Results of analysis of variations in the total column ozone content measured at the Kislovodsk High-Altitude Scientific Station are presented. The station is located at a height of 2070 m in the North Caucasus 50 km north of the Main Caucasian Ridge and Mt. Elbrus, the highest summit in Europe. The total ozone content has been measured since 1989 with the Brewer MkII #043 spectrophotometer using standard methods. The 31-year series of observations has made it possible to analyze interannual variations and long-term trends in total ozone. The multiple regression method taking into account data autocorrelation in a wide range of time scales has been used. Seasonally dependent estimates of linear trends and interannual variations in total ozone associated with effects of the 11-year solar cycle, the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the equatorial stratosphere, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have been obtained. The trends in total ozone over the North Caucasus contrast in sign from the trends of zonal mean total ozone. The annual trend in total ozone at the station was positive in 1989–2002 (1.6% per decade) and negative in 2003–2020 (−1.2% per decade). The strongest trends are characteristic of spring; they reach 4% per decade (in absolute value). Changes in total ozone during the 11-year solar cycle are especially significant in summer and amount to about 4%. The QBO-related interannual variations of total ozone with amplitude of about 6% are manifested in the cold season. The total ozone variations due to the NAO are pronounced in the winter-spring period. The ENSO effect on total ozone is noticeable in summer and lags approximately a year behind variations in sea surface temperature in the Niño3.4 region so that total ozone decreases after El Niño events and increases after La Niña events. The obtained characteristics of total ozone variability point at the evidence of a special character of interannual and multiyear evolutions of total ozone over the North Caucasus.

给出了在基斯洛沃茨克高海拔科学站测得的总塔中臭氧含量变化的分析结果。该站位于高加索主干道和山顶以北50公里的北高加索地区，高度为2070 m。厄尔布鲁士峰（Elbrus），欧洲最高峰。自1989年以来，采用标准方法使用Brewer MkII＃043分光光度计测量了总臭氧含量。经过31年的一系列观测，有可能分析总臭氧量的年际变化和长期趋势。已使用考虑了大范围时间尺度数据自相关的多元回归方法。与11年太阳周期的影响有关的总臭氧的线性趋势和年际变化的季节性依赖估计，已经获得了赤道平流层，北大西洋涛动（NAO）和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）的准两年一次振荡（QBO）。北高加索地区臭氧总量的趋势与区域平均臭氧总量的趋势形成鲜明对比。该站的臭氧总量的年度趋势在1989–2002年为正（每十年1.6％），在2003–2020年为负（每十年−1.2％）。最强劲的趋势是春季的特征。每十年（绝对值）达到4％。在11年的太阳周期中，臭氧总量的变化在夏季尤为明显，约为4％。在寒冷季节，QBO相关的总臭氧年际变化幅度约为6％。NAO引起的总臭氧变化在冬春季节期间显着。ENSO对总臭氧的影响在夏季显着，并且比Niño3.4地区的海表温度变化晚约一年，因此，总的臭氧在厄尔尼诺事件后减少，而在拉尼娜事件后增加。在北高加索地区，总臭氧的年际变化和多年变化的特殊特征证明了所获得的总臭氧变化点的特征。