Objectives

To evaluate the benefits of aerobic training (AT) programs on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to identify the optimal dosage of AT programs for individuals with MS via a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Data sources

Two electronic databases were searched until March 2020 (PubMed-Medline and Web of Science).

Study Selection

Studies examining the effect of AT program on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue were included.

Data Extraction

After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 43 studies. A total sample of 1070 individuals with MS (AT group, n=680; control group, n=390) were analyzed.

Data Synthesis

The AT group demonstrated a significant increase in cardiorespiratory fitness (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.29; P=.002), functional capacity (timed Up and Go Test: SMD, –1.14; P<.001; gait speed: SMD, –1.19; P<.001; walking endurance: SMD, 0.46; P<.001), and balance (SMD, 3.49; P<.001) after training. Fatigue perception also decreased (SMD, –0.45; P<.001). However, no significant differences were observed when compared with the control group in either cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD, 0.14; P=.19) or fatigue perception. Nevertheless, we observed significant differences between the AT and control groups in balance (P=.02), gait speed (P=.02), and walking endurance (P=.03), favoring the participants who performed AT. Regarding the subgroup analysis, no significant differences were observed between subgroups in any of the variables studied except for gait speed, for which a greater increase in posttraining was observed when the AT program applied the continuous method (χ²=7.75; P=.005) and the exercises were performed by walking (χ²=9.36; P=.002).

Conclusions

Aerobic training improves gait speed, walking endurance, and balance. Cardiorespiratory fitness and fatigue perception also improved after AT, but we found no differences with the control group. In addition, subgroup analysis suggested that training using continuous and walking methods could optimize gait speed.

中文翻译：

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有氧训练对多发性硬化症患者心肺适能、功能能力、平衡和疲劳的剂量和有效性：系统评价和荟萃分析

目标

评估有氧训练 (AT) 计划对多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者心肺适能、功能能力、平衡和疲劳的益处，并通过荟萃分析系统评价确定多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者的有氧训练 (AT) 计划的最佳剂量。分析。

数据源

在 2020 年 3 月之前搜索了两个电子数据库（PubMed-Medline 和 Web of Science）。

研究选择

包括检查 AT 计划对心肺健康、功能能力、平衡和疲劳影响的研究。

数据提取

应用纳入和排除标准后，我们​​纳入了 43 项研究。分析了 1070 名 MS 患者（AT 组，n=680；对照组，n=390）的总样本。

数据综合

AT 组表现出心肺健康（标准化平均差 [S​​MD]，0.29；P =.002）、功能能力（定时起跳测试：SMD，–1.14；P <.001；步态速度：SMD， –1.19；P <.001；步行耐力：SMD，0.46；P <.001）和训练后的平衡（SMD，3.49；P <.001）。疲劳感也降低（SMD，–0.45；P <.001）。然而，与对照组相比，在心肺适能（SMD，0.14；P = 0.19）或疲劳感方面没有观察到显着差异。尽管如此，我们观察到 AT 组和对照组之间在平衡方面的显着差异（P=.02)、步态速度 ( P =.02) 和步行耐力 ( P =.03)，有利于执行 AT 的参与者。关于亚组分析中，子组之间没有观察到任何研究除了步态速度，为此，当AT程序所施加的连续的方法中观察到posttraining更大的增加（变量无显著差异χ ² = 7.75; P = 0.005 ) 并且通过步行进行锻炼 (χ ² =9.36; P =.002)。

结论

有氧训练可提高步态速度、步行耐力和平衡能力。AT后心肺健康和疲劳感也有所改善，但我们发现与对照组没有差异。此外，亚组分析表明，使用连续和步行方法的训练可以优化步态速度。