Aristolochic acid (AA) is widely present in herbal medicine. Aristolochic acid I (AAI) and aristolochic acid lactam (AAT), as the main active ingredients in AAs, have serious nephrotoxicity, strong carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. AAT is a metabolite of AAI in the human body. AAI can be reduced by Fe²⁺ both in the human body and soil. A new dual spectrum is proposed to monitor the reaction directly from the human protein serum (HAS) and A549 cells through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and its biological product AAT through fluorescence detection (FLD) spectra based on its unique spectral response. In order to better monitor the reduction reaction, the AAI detection conditions are optimized, including concentration, pH, reducing agent, and reaction time. During the experiment, Ag@Au is selected as the SERS substrate. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the prepared SERS support substrate. CCK-8 assays showed that the viability of cells decline after adding AAI. Fe²⁺ was found to detect AAI in endogenous A 549 cells.

中文翻译：

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马兜铃酸I与Fe2+还原反应的双光谱实时监测及其生物应用

马兜铃酸 (AA) 广泛存在于草药中。马兜铃酸I（AAI）和马兜铃酸内酰胺（AAT）作为AA中的主要活性成分，具有严重的肾毒性、强致癌性和致突变性。AAT是AAI在人体内的代谢产物。Fe ²⁺可以减少AAI在人体和土壤中。基于其独特的光谱响应，提出了一种新的双光谱，通过表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 和通过荧光检测 (FLD) 光谱直接从人蛋白血清 (HAS) 和 A549 细胞监测反应。为了更好地监测还原反应，优化了AAI检测条件，包括浓度、pH值、还原剂和反应时间。在实验过程中，选择 Ag@Au 作为 SERS 衬底。此外，使用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 来表征制备的 SERS 支撑基板。CCK-8 检测显示加入 AAI 后细胞活力下降。发现Fe ²⁺可检测内源性 A 549 细胞中的 AAI。