Over the last years, many studies have reported the challenge of precisely identifying shark and ray species from the fin trade. In Asia, the high demand for shark fin soup has resulted in correspondingly high prices for fins. This, in turn, has caused overexploitation of elasmobranch populations worldwide. Fin processing can cause the loss of morphological characteristics; therefore, species-specific identification can be performed only by DNA analysis. Most studies have reported the presence of threatened and protected elasmobranchs in the Asian trade market, highlighting the failure of current management and conservation policies. Here, were discussed the evolution of DNA-based methods for elasmobranchs identification and presented new approaches toward overcoming the illegal shark and ray fin trade. Firstly, we argued that universal standardized DNA-based methods based on COI and NADH2 should be developed for the main species in international trade. In addition, high throughput sequencing (HTS) protocols should be developed and used to identify previously unknown species from highly processed food containing multiple ingredients, such as shark fin soup. Moreover, we highlight the importance of increasing the knowledge about population genetics data, providing an atlas of geographically distinct DNA polymorphic regions. Such genetic data will allow geographic traceability of shark and ray products exported to Asia in order to identify hotspots of finning practice, thereby providing a roadmap to indicate hotspots where effective law enforcement needs to be implemented. These approaches are also necessary to find those responsible for such illegal capture and promote effective fisheries management plans.

在过去的几年中，许多研究报告了从鱼翅贸易中准确识别鲨鱼和鱼种类的挑战。在亚洲，鱼翅汤的高需求导致鱼翅价格相应较高。反过来，这又导致了全球范围内弹bra种群的过度开发。翅片加工会导致形态特征的损失；因此，只能通过DNA分析进行物种特异性鉴定。大多数研究报告说，亚洲贸易市场上存在受威胁和受保护的弹性支流，这突出表明了现行管理和保护政策的失败。在这里，讨论了基于弹性体的DNA鉴定方法的发展，并提出了克服非法鲨鱼和and鳍贸易的新方法。首先，我们认为，应该为国际贸易中的主要物种开发基于COI和NADH2的通用标准化基于DNA的方法。此外，应开发高通量测序（HTS）方案，并将其用于从含有多种成分的高度加工食品（例如鱼翅汤）中识别以前未知的物种。此外，我们强调了增加有关人群遗传数据知识的重要性，提供了地理上独特的DNA多态性区域地图集。这样的遗传数据将使出口到亚洲的鲨鱼和geographic鱼产品具有地理可追溯性，从而确定鱼翅养殖的热点地区，从而提供路线图，指示需要实施有效执法的热点地区。