ABSTRACT Objective: Higher prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been reported for detained individuals. TBI may result in erroneously interpreting situations in everyday life, impair problem-solving abilities through dialogue, or negotiation, which may increase aggressive behavior. Knowledge of TBI and its consequences in Dutch penitentiaries is lacking, as virtually no screening, supervision, or treatment is currently provided. Method: The current manuscript assesses differences in self-reported aggression, impulsivity, indication for mild intellectual disability, history of childhood trauma, and emotion regulation in detainees (n = 283) and non-incarcerated controls (NIC; n = 51), with and without a history of TBI. Result: A total of 45.2% of detainees reported a TBI, compared to 29.4% in the NIC group. ANCOVA results revealed no interaction between group and TBI history, indicating that TBI history did not affect behavior in detainees and NIC differently. The main effects revealed higher levels of aggression in detainees compared to NICs, and in participants with TBI compared to those without. Separate ANCOVA’s per group reveal that TBI history in detainees was associated with more aggression – also when correcting for violence as the cause of TBI. A logistic regression revealed that detainees with TBI have a higher chance (odds ratio = 3.3) of having at least one prior conviction. Conclusions: TBI history was related to aggressive behavior in Dutch inmates, future studies should assess if TBI history is predictive of in-prison infractions and recidivism rates, and if screening and providing neuro-rehabilitative measures or improved supervision may improve TBI related deficits.

中文翻译：

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外伤性脑损伤及其与先前在荷兰被拘留者的信念，攻击和心理功能的关系

摘要目的：据报道，被拘留者的颅脑外伤（TBI）患病率更高。TBI可能会导致错误地解释日常生活中的情况，通过对话或协商削弱解决问题的能力，这可能会增加攻击性行为。缺乏对TBI及其在荷兰监狱中的后果的了解，因为目前几乎没有提供任何筛查，监督或治疗。方法：目前的手稿评估了自我报告的攻击性，冲动性，轻度智力残疾的指征，童年创伤史以及被拘留者（n = 283）和非监禁对照者（NIC； n = 51）的差异，而且没有TBI的历史。结果：总计45.2％的被拘留者报告了TBI，而NIC组为29.4％。ANCOVA结果显示，小组与TBI历史之间没有相互作用，这表明TBI历史不会对被拘留者和NIC的行为产生不同的影响。主要结果显示，与NIC相比，被拘留者的侵略水平更高，而有TBI的参与者的侵略水平高于没有NIC的参与者。每组单独的ANCOVA显示，被拘留者的TBI历史与更多的侵略性相关-甚至在纠正暴力作为TBI的原因时也是如此。Logistic回归显示，患有TBI的被拘留者至少有一次被定罪的几率更高（几率= 3.3）。结论：TBI病史与荷兰囚犯的攻击行为有关，未来的研究应评估TBI病史是否可预测监狱中的犯罪和累犯率，