ABSTRACT For Nordic nations scientific activities in the Polar Regions proved significant in defining national identities and shaping scientific profiles. Starting in the nineteenth century and continuing throughout the next century, polar research proved instrumental in inculcating national honour and expressing small-state colonial aspirations. It provided a source of heroes for forging collective memory and the fostering of youth by presenting the polar explorer as a model character. This study explores the ideological lineage of the nineteenth century polar hero by first relating this idol to historical archetypes of Western culture. It identifies the special traits of the Nordic polar hero and discusses how it was used for patriotic purposes. As a case in point the article looks at the career of the Finnish-Swedish mineralogist and Arctic expedition leader Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld and the ways he, with the help of others, successfully navigated not only the drift ice of polar seas but also the international republic of science, and the three national scenes of Sweden, Finland and Russia. In the process he was turned into a national hero both in Finland and Sweden, and presented as a patriotic role model for adolescents in the arts of postponing gratification and enduring hardship.

中文翻译：

---

瑞典记忆中的 AE Nordenskiöld：北极英雄主义的起源和用途

摘要 对于北欧国家而言，极地地区的科学活动在定义国家身份和塑造科学形象方面具有重要意义。从 19 世纪开始一直持续到下个世纪，极地研究证明在灌输国家荣誉和表达小国殖民愿望方面发挥了重要作用。它以极地探险家为模范人物，为塑造集体记忆和培育青春提供了英雄源泉。本研究首先将这个偶像与西方文化的历史原型联系起来，探索了 19 世纪极地英雄的意识形态谱系。它确定了北欧极地英雄的特殊特征，并讨论了如何将其用于爱国目的。作为一个例子，文章着眼于芬兰-瑞典矿物学家和北极探险队领队阿道夫·埃里克·诺登斯基厄德 (Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld) 的职业生涯，以及他在其他人的帮助下不仅成功地穿越了极地海域的流冰，还成功穿越了国际共和国的方式科学，瑞典，芬兰和俄罗斯的三个国家场景。在这个过程中，他成为了芬兰和瑞典的民族英雄，并在延迟满足和忍受苦难的艺术中成为青少年的爱国榜样。