ABSTRACT Sovkhoism is a world-view extolling the virtues of the Soviet Farm (sovkhoz) as the foundation of a grassroots-friendly socio-economy. We discuss the post-Soviet “uncontrolled” state of sovkhoism in Murmansk Region reindeer husbandry. We argue that the key descriptor of the state of reindeer husbandry: the head-count (pogolovye) is often an arbitrary figure in a subsidy-producing narrative. In it, overall head-count numbers tend to be inflated, while a critical differentiation between the categories of personal vs. private reindeer is obliterated. Further, the head-count/subsidies narrative reproduces the central features of Soviet-era socio-economy of sovkhoism. The present, post-Soviet state of this process, we discuss as lacking previously existing mechanism of outside control. We conclude that reindeer husbandry in the Russian Far North is in need of returning to a relatively controlled state by the introduction of independent and publicly transparent controlling agency. Non-sovkhoist, “fully private” development is seen to be unrealistic at this stage, apart from isolated cases in the region concerned.

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“不受控制的sovkhoism”：在俄罗斯远北地区（科拉半岛）管理驯鹿放牧

摘要 Sovkhoism 是一种颂扬苏联农场（sovkhoz）作为草根友好型社会经济基础的美德的世界观。我们讨论了摩尔曼斯克地区驯鹿畜牧业中苏维埃主义的后苏联“不受控制”状态。我们认为，驯鹿畜牧业状况的关键描述词：人数（pogolovye）在产生补贴的叙述中通常是一个任意数字。其中，总人数往往被夸大，而个人驯鹿与私人驯鹿类别之间的关键区别被抹去。此外，人数/补贴的叙述再现了苏联时代苏夫霍主义社会经济的核心特征。目前，这个过程的后苏联状态，我们认为缺乏以前存在的外部控制机制。我们得出的结论是，俄罗斯远北地区的驯鹿畜牧业需要通过引入独立和公开透明的控制机构来恢复到一个相对受控的状态。除了相关地区的孤立案例外，非sovkhoist、“完全私人”的开发在现阶段被认为是不现实的。