ABSTRACT Lesotho's politics is characterised by a pervasive culture of violence that has historically wreaked havoc on society. At the heart of Lesotho's culture of violence lies the historical trend of militarisation of politics and politicization of the military. The political elites often enlist support of the security establishment with a view to tilt the balance of forces in their favour against their opponents. The security establishment, on its part, enters the political fray in pursuit of the individual interests of those in command and/or its corporate interest. This militarisation explains, in part, recurrent political instability and crisis in Lesotho that has invited external intervention by the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Lesotho needs to change course away towards a culture of peace through demilitarisation through either security sector reform of security sector transformation. The former entails civilian control over the army. The latter may entail disbanding the army.

中文翻译：

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思考莱索托的暴力文化：非军事化案例

摘要 莱索托政治的特点是无处不在的暴力文化，历史上曾对社会造成严重破坏。莱索托暴力文化的核心是政治军事化和军队政治化的历史趋势。政治精英通常会争取安全机构的支持，以期将力量平衡向有利于他们的对手倾斜。就其本身而言，安全机构为了追求指挥官的个人利益和/或其公司利益而卷入政治斗争。这种军事化在一定程度上解释了莱索托反复出现的政治不稳定和危机导致南部非洲发展共同体（SADC）进行外部干预。莱索托需要通过安全部门改革或安全部门转型来实现非军事化，从而转向和平文化。前者需要文官对军队的控制。后者可能需要解散军队。