In view of the strong influence of Dewey’s thinking on contemporary educational thought, looking back over his epistemological conceptions is of crucial importance. The heart of Dewey’s theory of knowing rests on a fundamental postulate derived from his naturalistic interpretation of human cognitive development: that of the functional separation, in the understanding of meaning, between observed or experienced phenomena and theoretical constructs. This postulate underpins Dewey’s agreement with operationalism, his critique of the spectator theory of knowledge and his conception of causality as a sequential order. If this postulate is disproven, the principles relating to intellectual training that are derived from Dewey’s theory of knowing collapse.

中文翻译：

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杜威的认识理论有什么问题

鉴于杜威的思想对当代教育思想的强大影响，回顾他的认识论概念至关重要。杜威的知识理论的核心在于从他对人类认知发展的自然主义解释中得出的基本假设：在理解意义上，观察到的或经验的现象与理论建构之间的功能分离。这假定了杜威对操作主义的认同，对知识观论者的批判以及对因果关系的序贯性的支持。如果这一假设不成立，则与杜威的知识崩溃理论有关的与智力训练有关的原理。