Abstract As an economic factor affecting access to justice, the cost of justice naturally constitutes an element of judicial reform. It is the overall deconstruction of the cost of civil justice, rather than partial observation and analysis confined to litigation costs, that can legitimize the sharing of court and litigation costs and clarify the demarcation between public and private costs. This first-order rule of cost-sharing is intended to establish a balance between the state’s investment of public resources in the judicial system and the costs borne by the litigant. The second-order rule of cost-sharing centers on the distribution of litigation costs among litigants. This requires not only the setting up of the goal of just and equitable sharing of litigation costs, but also the overall consideration of the adjustment function of the cost mechanism in litigation and pursuit of the general improvement of the justice system. The third-order cost-sharing rule should focus on giving full play to the legal services market and social organizations in sharing the cost of litigation. Its success will depend on the development of professional ethics and on legal regulation.

中文翻译：

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民事司法中的费用分担

摘要司法成本是影响诉诸司法的经济因素，自然构成司法改革的要素。正是民事司法费用的整体解构，而不是局限于诉讼费用的部分观察和分析，才可以使法院和诉讼费用的分摊合法化，并阐明了公私费用之间的界限。此一阶费用分摊规则旨在在国家对司法系统的公共资源投资与诉讼人承担的费用之间建立平衡。费用分担的二阶规则集中于诉讼成本在诉讼当事人之间的分配。这不仅需要建立公正，公平地分担诉讼费用的目标，同时也要全面考虑成本机制在诉讼中的功能和追求司法制度的全面完善。三阶费用分摊规则应着重于充分发挥法律服务市场和社会组织在分担诉讼费用方面的作用。它的成功将取决于职业道德的发展和法律法规。