Proceeding from materials relating to the “Time of Troubles”, this article examines the phenomenon of imposture ( samozvanchestvo ) as one of the symbols of Russian political history from the early 17th to the mid-19th century. The duration of the “impostor epidemic” coincides exactly with that of serfdom, and imposture itself can be described as a social reaction to a form of authority founded on total personal dependence. The article aims to develop further Boris Uspenskij’s argument that reveals in sacralization of the Tsar’s power in medieval Russia the main reason of imposture. Rene Girard’s conception of mimetic desire serves as the theoretical perspective for such a development.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯政治文化中冒名顶替者的形象：在圣化与模仿之间

本文从与“动乱时期”有关的资料出发，考察了自发现象（samozvanchestvo），它是17世纪初至19世纪中叶俄罗斯政治历史的象征之一。“假装流行病”的持续时间与农奴制的持续时间完全吻合，而假装本身可以被描述为对基于完全个人依赖的权威形式的社会反应。本文旨在进一步发展鲍里斯·乌斯彭斯基（Boris Uspenskij）的论点，该论点揭示了在中世纪俄国沙皇权力的圣化过程中，不忠的主要原因。勒内·吉拉德（Rene Girard）的模仿欲望概念是这种发展的理论视角。