ABSTRACT Sb was frequently used as a raw material, both in ancient glass-making (as an opacifier and decolouriser) and metallurgy (either as an alloying element or as a pure metal). Despite this ubiquity, antimony production has only occasionally been studied and questions concerning its provenance are still not satisfactorily answered. This study evaluates the suitability of Sb isotope analysis for provenance determination purposes, as experiments under lab conditions have revealed fractionation occurring during redox processes in oxidising stibnites and in making opacified glasses. The results of this paper help to evaluate the possible influence of the pyrotechnological processes on the antimony isotope composition of glass artefacts. This paper focuses on the Caucasus as case study by applying mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic analysis to Georgian ores (mainly from the Racha-Lechkumi district) and Late Bronze Age (LBA; 15th–10th century BCE) metallic Sb objects found at the sites of Brili and Chalpiragorebi. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

中文翻译：

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锑作为古代金属和玻璃制造的原料：通过同位素分析证明佐治亚州LBA金属Sb

摘要Sb在古代玻璃制造（用作遮光剂和脱色剂）和冶金（用作合金元素或用作纯金属）中经常用作原材料。尽管无处不在，锑的生产只是偶尔进行了研究，关于其来源的问题仍未得到令人满意的回答。这项研究评估了Sb同位素分析对物源确定目的的适用性，因为在实验室条件下进行的实验表明，氧化还原ib和制备不透明玻璃的氧化还原过程中会发生分级分离。本文的结果有助于评估高温工艺对玻璃人工制品的锑同位素组成的可能影响。本文通过应用矿物学，重点研究高加索案例研究，在Brili和Chalpiragorebi地点发现的格鲁吉亚矿石（主要来自Racha-Lechkumi地区）和青铜时代晚期（LBA；公元前15至10世纪）的金属Sb地球化学和同位素分析。图形概要