ABSTRACT

Several anthropological studies on policy in Africa have highlighted discrepancies between the conception, implementation and outcome of development projects. Using my case study, which is drawn from an ethnographic research conducted between 2011 and 2012 in central Mozambique, I demonstrate the post-colonial government policy contradiction in relation to land and how this has been influencing the way livelihoods discourses, plans and projects led by the government and NGOs are designed. My findings show how the land lease policy is a continuous factor that structures local land use and livelihoods across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries and has fuelled a growing demand for land and conflicts. I argue that official policy and local practices differ since the power of discourses has been unable to shape reality.

摘要

一些关于非洲政策的人类学研究强调了发展项目的概念、实施和结果之间的差异。我的案例研究取材于 2011 年至 2012 年在莫桑比克中部进行的民族志研究，我展示了后殖民政府与土地有关的政策矛盾，以及这如何影响生计话语、计划和项目的方式政府和非政府组织是设计出来的。我的研究结果表明，土地租赁政策是如何在 20 世纪和 21 世纪构成当地土地使用和生计的持续因素，并助长了对土地和冲突不断增长的需求。我认为官方政策和地方实践是不同的，因为话语的力量已经无法塑造现实。