The underlying voltage/current tracking control is a key issue for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) in electric vehicles. This article presents an innovative passivity-based L2-gain adaptive robust control (L2-ARC) method for a fully active battery/super-capacitor HESS. First, by exploiting and analyzing the internal structural properties, the port-controlled Hamiltonian model with dissipation for HESS is derived and then, the interconnection and damping assignment-passive based controller (IDA-PBC) is designed to realize the underlying control, where the rule-based energy management strategy is adopted to generate the current references. To overcome the adverse influence of external disturbances and parameter perturbations under complex driving conditions, by combining the L2 gain disturbance attenuation technique with the IDA-PBC method, the L2-ARC method is developed to guarantee fast response, high performance, and robust stability. Moreover, an adaptive mechanism is adopted to estimate the electrical parameters. The performance of L2-ARC is thoroughly investigated and compared through comprehensive case studies with traditional PID, IDA-PBC, and sliding mode controllers. Finally, a control prototype is implemented to validate L2-ARC.

中文翻译：

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电动汽车混合储能系统L2增益自适应鲁棒控制


基础电压/电流跟踪控制是电动汽车混合储能系统（HESS）的关键问题。本文提出了一种创新的基于无源的 L2 增益自适应鲁棒控制 (L2-ARC) 方法，用于全有源电池/超级电容器 HESS。首先，通过开发和分析内部结构特性，推导了 HESS 的带耗散的端口控制哈密顿模型，然后设计了基于互连和阻尼分配的无源控制器（IDA-PBC）来实现底层控制，其中采用基于规则的能源管理策略来生成当前参考。为了克服复杂行驶条件下外部干扰和参数扰动的不利影响，将L2增益干扰衰减技术与IDA-PBC方法相结合，开发了L2-ARC方法，以保证快速响应、高性能和鲁棒稳定性。此外，采用自适应机制来估计电参数。通过与传统 PID、IDA-PBC 和滑模控制器的综合案例研究，对 L2-ARC 的性能进行了彻底的研究和比较。最后，实现了一个控制原型来验证L2-ARC。