Beneficial genetic or environmental factors that influence the length and quality of life can be evaluated while studying supercentenarians. The oldest-old can withstand serious/fatal illnesses more than their peers and/or their ageing rate is decreased. Supercentenarians are an interesting group of individuals whose lifestyle is not particularly healthy according to the common guidelines; namely, some of them seem to have similar harmful behaviours, but still manage to stay healthier for longer and, while eventually dying from the same degenerative diseases as the general population, they develop symptoms 20 to 30 years later. As there are not many supercentenarians by definition, it is worthwhile to diligently collect their data to enable future meta-analyses on larger samples. Namely, much can be learned from supercentenarians’ habits and lifestyle choices about the ageing process. Contributions of genetics, lifestyle choices and epigenetics to their extended life span are discussed here.

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自然与养育：从长者关于长寿的主张中可以学到什么？

在研究超百岁老人时，可以评估影响寿命和生活质量的有益遗传或环境因素。最老的人比同龄人更能承受严重/致命的疾病和/或衰老率降低。根据共同准则，超百岁老人是一群有趣的人，他们的生活方式不是特别健康；也就是说，它们中的一些似乎具有相似的有害行为，但仍能保持更长的健康时间，并且最终在与普通人群相同的退化性疾病中死亡时，在20至30年后出现症状。由于从定义上说，超级百岁老人并不多，因此值得努力地收集他们的数据，以便将来对较大的样本进行荟萃分析。即 从上百岁老人的生活习惯和生活方式选择中可以学到很多。本文讨论了遗传学，生活方式选择和表观遗传学对延长寿命的贡献。