Abstract

Although the relationship between both need frustration and, particularly, need satisfaction and different motivational regulations for exercise has been widely examined in the literature, little is known about the co-occurrence of both need satisfaction and need frustration in the exercise context. Grounded in self-determination theory, the present study aimed to examine the effects of both need satisfaction and frustration on motivational regulations for exercise, by applying a response surface analysis approach. In total, 477 regular exercisers aged 18–54 years participated in this study. The interaction between needs (high on both need satisfaction and frustration) displayed a positive and significant association with amotivation, integrated regulation, and intrinsic motivation. Considering the direction of the discrepancy (high vs. low levels of need satisfaction and frustration) related to the behavioral regulations, results showed that higher need satisfaction relative to need frustration was associated with more self-determined regulations of motivation. Contrarily, higher need satisfaction relative to need frustration was associated with lower scores on amotivation, external, introjected, and identified regulation. Overall, these findings extend previous literature, suggesting that need satisfaction and frustration are distinct factors that can be experienced simultaneously in individuals during exercise and that different degrees of both needs have different associations with behavioral regulations.

摘要

尽管在文献中已经广泛研究了需求挫败感，特别是需求满足感与锻炼动机之间的关系，但是对于运动环境中需求满足感和需求挫败感并存的了解却很少。本研究以自我决定理论为基础，旨在通过应用响应面分析方法来检验需求满意度和挫折感对锻炼动机的影响。共有477名年龄在18-54岁之间的常规锻炼者参加了这项研究。需求之间的交互（对需求的满意度和挫败感都很高）与动机，综合监管和内在动机之间显示出积极而重要的联系。考虑差异的方向（高vs. 与行为规则相关的低水平的需求满意度和挫败感），结果表明，相对于需求挫败感而言，更高的需求满足感与更多的自我决定的动机规则相关。相反，相对于需求挫败感而言，更高的需求满意度与较低的动机，外在的，内向的和确定的调节得分相关。总的来说，这些发现扩展了以前的文献，表明需求的满足和沮丧是个体在运动过程中可以同时经历的独特因素，并且两种需求的不同程度与行为规则具有不同的关联。结果表明，相对于需求挫败感而言，更高的需求满意度与更多的自我决定的动机调节有关。相反，相对于需求挫败感而言，更高的需求满意度与较低的动机，外在的，内向的和确定的调节得分相关。总的来说，这些发现扩展了以前的文献，表明需求的满足和沮丧是个体在运动过程中可以同时经历的独特因素，并且两种需求的不同程度与行为规则具有不同的关联。结果表明，相对于需求挫败感而言，更高的需求满意度与更多的自我决定的动机调节有关。相反，相对于需求挫败感而言，更高的需求满意度与较低的动机，外在的，内向的和确定的调节得分相关。总的来说，这些发现扩展了以前的文献，表明需求的满足和沮丧是个体在运动过程中可以同时经历的独特因素，并且两种需求的不同程度与行为规则具有不同的关联。