Introduction:

According to previous research, locus of control (LOC) has a crucial role in an individual’s psychological well-being. The purpose of this study was 3-fold: (1) comparing LOC of college students with and without visual impairments while controlling for gender, educational level, and age; (2) investigating the relationship between LOC and visual characteristics in college students with visual impairments; and (3) predicting LOC of these students using their visual characteristics.

Methods:

The design of this study was causal-comparative. The statistical population included a sample of college students with and without visual impairments who were enrolled at the University of Isfahan, Iran. Fifteen of the 20 college students with visual impairments were selected through convenience sampling and amongst sighted students, 15 individuals were selected in a way that they were matched with college students with visual impairment regarding gender, educational level, and age. The Rotter Locus of Control Scale was used to measure LOC. Also, visual impairment characteristics and demographic data were collected. The results were analyzed by t-test and stepwise regression analysis.

Results:

Results indicated no significant difference between LOC of college students with and without visual impairments (p > .05), and both groups tended to have internal LOC on average. The results indicated that adjustment to visual impairment and the recent status of visual impairment might predict the LOC of a college student who is visually impaired and explained 59.2% of its variance with this sample (p < .005).

Discussion:

LOC of college students with visual impairments was similar to their sighted counterparts. The better adjusted the person was to his or her visual impairment and the less worsening the status of visual impairment was, the higher internal LOC he or she had.

Implications for practitioners:

Families and society can help individuals with visual impairments build their internal LOC, by teaching them how to adjust to their disability and providing them the conditions to increase their independence. At the same time, preparing them for entering university may also help them develop their sense of internal LOC.

中文翻译：

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有和没有视力障碍的大学生的控制源及其影响的视觉特征

介绍：

根据先前的研究，控制源（LOC）在个人的心理健康中具有至关重要的作用。这项研究的目的是三方面的：（1）在控制性别，教育水平和年龄的同时，比较有无视觉障碍的大学生的LOC；（2）调查视力障碍大学生的LOC与视觉特征之间的关系；（3）利用他们的视觉特征预测这些学生的LOC。

方法：

这项研究的设计是因果比较的。统计人群包括在伊朗伊斯法罕大学就读的有或没有视力障碍的大学生样本。通过便利性抽样选择了20名视力障碍的大学生中的15名，在有视力的学生中，选择了15名与性别，学历和年龄相匹配的视力障碍大学生。控制比例的鹿特轨迹用于测量LOC。此外，收集了视力障碍特征和人口统计数据。通过t检验和逐步回归分析来分析结果。

结果：

结果表明，有视力障碍和无视力障碍的大学生的LOC之间无显着差异（p > .05），并且两组的平均LOC均趋于平均。结果表明，对视力障碍的调整和最近的视力障碍状态可以预测大学生视力障碍的LOC，并以此样本解释其视力差异的59.2％（p <.005）。

讨论：

有视觉障碍的大学生的LOC与有视觉障碍的大学生相似。该人对视力障碍的适应性越好，视力障碍的状况越差，他或她的内部LOC越高。

对从业者的启示：

家庭和社会可以通过教他们如何适应残疾并为他们提供增加独立性的条件，来帮助视觉障碍者建立内部LOC。同时，为他们准备上大学做准备也可能有助于他们发展内部LOC意识。