Abstract

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, characterised by the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese adipose tissue. In this study, 3T3-L1 CM enhanced TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells compared with LPS treated cells. However, treatment with Varanadi kashayam suppressed the inflammatory changes associated with RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, RAW CM used to stimulate adipocytes, resulting in decreased intracellular lipid content and reduced adipogenic markers after Varanadi kashayam treatment. The chemical profiling of Varanadi kashayam using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS identified 194 compounds by comparing their retention time, the experimentally measured exact mass of precursor, and fragmented ions, and fragmentation pattern with spectral library and reported literature. Collectively, Varanadi kashayam act as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic agent that could disrupt the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages. Hence it could be a better candidate for reducing inflammation associated with obese adipose tissue.

摘要

肥胖与慢性低度炎症有关，其特征在于肥胖脂肪组织中促炎细胞因子的上调。在这项研究中，与LPS处理的细胞相比，3T3-L1 CM增强了RAW 264.7细胞中的TNF-α和IL-1β。但是，用瓦拉纳迪·卡沙姆（Varanadi kashayam）处理可抑制与RAW 264.7细胞相关的炎症变化。随后，RAW CM用于刺激脂肪细胞，导致Varanadi kashayam处理后细胞内脂质含量降低和脂肪形成标记降低。使用UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS对Varanadi kashayam进行化学分析，通过比较它们的保留时间，实验测量的前体精确质量和碎片离子以及碎片谱与光谱库和报道的文献，鉴定出194种化合物。总的来说，Varanadi kashayam是一种有效的抗炎和抗脂肪形成剂，可破坏脂肪细胞与巨噬细胞之间的串扰。因此，它可能是减轻与肥胖脂肪组织有关的炎症的更好的选择。