The objectives of this series of studies were to develop and evaluate a visual self‐report measure, the Depicted Action Tendencies (DAT), for the assessment of action tendencies, and to examine relations between action tendencies and emotions. In three independent studies, 938 participants evaluated drawings depicting individuals engaged in actions, reflecting four classes of action tendencies; the tendency to approach reward, approach threat, avoid threat, and avoid reward. The DAT instrument showed specificity in terms of associations with emotions and verbal action‐tendency items with minimal overlap between drawings (Study 1). The specificity of the drawings extended to settings in which participants recalled events from their lives (Study 2 and 3). The findings suggest that the drawings can capture different action tendencies in contexts labeled with the same emotion and provide initial support for the DAT instrument as a valid and reliable measure of action tendencies. We believe the DAT instrument offers potential value both in experimental and clinical settings. Given its pictorial format, the DAT is easy to comprehend and may represent a valuable instrument for assessing action tendencies in a quick manner at the momentary level. It may also be useful to individuals with limited linguistic skills or difficulties in verbalizing sensations and feelings.

中文翻译：

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开发一种非语言的、自我报告的行动倾向评估工具：描述的行动倾向（DAT）工具

这一系列研究的目标是开发和评估视觉自我报告测量，描述的行动倾向（DAT），用于评估行动倾向，并检查行动倾向和情绪之间的关系。在三项独立研究中，938 名参与者评估了描绘个人从事行动的图画，反映了四类行动倾向；接近奖励、接近威胁、避免威胁和避免奖励的倾向。DAT 工具在与情绪和语言行为倾向项目的关联方面表现出特异性，并且图纸之间的重叠最小（研究 1）。绘画的特殊性扩展到参与者回忆他们生活中的事件的环境（研究 2 和 3）。研究结果表明，绘图可以捕捉标记有相同情绪的上下文中的不同行动倾向，并为 DAT 工具作为行动倾向的有效和可靠度量提供初步支持。我们相信 DAT 仪器在实验和临床环境中都具有潜在价值。鉴于其图形格式，DAT 很容易理解，并且可能是一种在瞬间快速评估行动趋势的宝贵工具。它也可能对语言技能有限或难以表达感觉和感受的人有用。鉴于其图形格式，DAT 很容易理解，并且可能是一种在瞬间快速评估行动趋势的宝贵工具。它也可能对语言技能有限或难以表达感觉和感受的人有用。鉴于其图形格式，DAT 很容易理解，并且可能是一种在瞬间快速评估行动趋势的宝贵工具。它也可能对语言技能有限或难以表达感觉和感受的人有用。