Based on the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT) and the angular spectrum decomposition method (ASDM), we derive the beam shape coefficients (BSCs) of high-order vector Bessel Gaussian beams (H-VBGB), and investigate the interaction mechanism of H-VBGB illuminating a spherical marine aerosol. Linear (x, y), circular (left, right), azimuthal and radial polarizations are considered. The effects of various parameters characterizing the incident beam and the aerosol on the normalized differential scattering cross section (DSCS) are investigated. Numerical results show that the normalized DSCS is very sensitive to fluctuations in the parameters, and that the distinctions of incident beams may highly influence results. The relative humidity of aerosol performs similar effects on results for all polarizations, so it is not feasible to recognize the relative humidity of aerosol environment by using the differences of normalized DSCS for various polarization states. We provide a reference for the practical use of the scattering features of non-diffractive beams illuminating spherical calibrators.

基于广义Lorenz-Mie理论（GLMT）和角谱分解方法（ASDM），推导了高阶矢量贝塞尔高斯光束（H-VBGB）的光束形状系数（BSC），并研究了它们的相互作用机理。 H-VBGB照亮球形海洋气溶胶。考虑线性（x，y），圆形（左，右），方位极化和径向极化。研究了表征入射光束和气溶胶的各种参数对归一化微分散射截面（DSCS）的影响。数值结果表明，归一化的DSCS对参数的波动非常敏感，入射光束的差异可能对结果有很大的影响。气溶胶的相对湿度对所有极化的结果都有相似的影响，因此利用归一化DSCS对不同极化状态的差异来识别气溶胶环境的相对湿度是不可行的。我们为非衍射光束照明球形校准器的散射特性的实际使用提供参考。