The overhead line in wind farm is vulnerable to lightning strikes at a high risk. The lightning surge would propagate along the line and damage the equipment in substation. In this work, the mathematical models for transmission tower, overhead lines, power transformer and wind farm substation have been developed in the environment of EMTP, especially the wind turbine converter and step up transformer models. The transients in the case of back flashover and shielding failure are analysed. The influences of radial and cross-shaped connections of wind turbine topology on the wave reflection and refraction have been investigated. The performance of surge arrester, not only the protection area but also the absorbed energy under lightning overvoltage is also computed. The wind farm substation is divided into multi zones and the transient response at different nodes is obtained. It indicates that the characteristics and propagation for surge under lightning strike on overhead line are completely different from direct lightning strike on wind turbine receptor. The capacitance between the high and low voltage side of step up transformer plays a key role in system transients. Compared with back flashover, the overvoltage caused by shielding failure is relatively small; the cross-shaped scheme is preferred and would benefit the lightning protection; the absorbed energy of arresters under a high lightning current is a major consideration.

风电场的架空线极易遭受雷击。雷电浪涌会沿着线路传播并损坏变电站中的设备。在这项工作中，已经在EMTP环境下开发了输电塔，架空线，电力变压器和风电场变电站的数学模型，尤其是风力发电机和升压变压器模型。分析了反向闪络和屏蔽故障情况下的瞬变。研究了风力涡轮机拓扑结构的径向和十字形连接对波反射和折射的影响。避雷器的性能，不仅是保护区域，还包括雷电过电压下的吸收能量。风电场变电站分为多个区域，并获得了不同节点的暂态响应。这表明架空线上雷击下的电涌特性和传播与风力涡轮机接收器上的直接雷电完全不同。升压变压器的高低压侧之间的电容在系统瞬变中起关键作用。与反向闪络相比，由屏蔽故障引起的过电压相对较小；十字形方案是优选的，并且将有利于防雷。在大雷电流下避雷器的吸收能量是主要考虑因素。这表明架空线上雷击下的电涌特性和传播与风力涡轮机接收器上的直接雷电完全不同。升压变压器的高低压侧之间的电容在系统瞬变中起关键作用。与反向闪络相比，由屏蔽故障引起的过电压相对较小；十字形方案是优选的，并且将有利于防雷。在大雷电流下避雷器的吸收能量是主要考虑因素。这表明架空线上雷击下的电涌特性和传播与风力涡轮机接收器上的直接雷电完全不同。升压变压器的高低压侧之间的电容在系统瞬变中起关键作用。与反向闪络相比，由屏蔽故障引起的过电压相对较小；十字形方案是优选的，并且将有利于防雷。在大雷电流下避雷器的吸收能量是主要考虑因素。十字形方案是优选的，并且将有利于防雷。在大雷电流下避雷器的吸收能量是主要考虑因素。十字形方案是优选的，并且将有利于防雷。在大雷电流下避雷器的吸收能量是主要考虑因素。