The back analysis method is widely used in geotechnical and geological engineering to guide construction and assure safety through feedback analysis and dynamic design. In this study, a back analysis framework was developed by combining a reduced-order model (ROM), simplicial homology global optimization (SHGO), and a numerical model. The ROM was used to approximate the response of the geotechnical structure. Moreover, SHGO was regarded as an optimization method for investigating the mechanical and strength properties of geomaterials based on the ROM using the developed framework. The developed framework was then verified and illustrated by application to a circular rock tunnel. The determined parameters of the rock mass were in excellent agreement with the actual values, and the deformation law predicted by the developed method was consistent with the analytical solution in the tunnel. These results demonstrate that the developed method is feasible for geotechnical and geological engineering. Further, the new framework was applied to a practical slope project. The results indicate that the proposed method is practical, accurate, and convenient when used to determine the geomaterials mechanical properties based on monitored information. Thus, our method is a promising tool for back analysis in practical geotechnical and geological engineering applications.

反分析方法广泛用于岩土工程和地质工程中，以通过反馈分析和动态设计指导施工并确保安全。在这项研究中，通过组合降阶模型（ROM），简单同源全局优化（SHGO）和数值模型开发了一种反向分析框架。ROM用于近似岩土结构的响应。此外，SHGO被认为是一种基于ROM并使用开发的框架研究土工材料的力学和强度特性的优化方法。然后对开发的框架进行验证，并通过将其应用于圆形岩石隧道进行说明。确定的岩体参数与实际值非常吻合，所开发方法预测的变形规律与隧道的解析解一致。这些结果表明，该方法对岩土工程和地质工程是可行的。此外，新框架已应用于实际的边坡项目。结果表明，该方法在基于监测信息确定土工材料力学性能时是实用，准确，方便的。因此，我们的方法是在实际岩土工程和地质工程应用中进行反分析的有前途的工具。结果表明，该方法用于基于监测信息确定土工材料的力学性能是实用，准确，方便的。因此，我们的方法是在实际岩土工程和地质工程应用中进行反分析的有前途的工具。结果表明，该方法用于基于监测信息确定土工材料的力学性能是实用，准确，方便的。因此，我们的方法是在实际岩土工程和地质工程应用中进行反分析的有前途的工具。