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An IoT-based infrastructure to enhance self-evacuations in natural hazardous events
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing Pub Date : 2021-02-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s00779-020-01506-z
José Mariano Finochietto , Matias Micheletto , Gabriel M. Eggly , Roger Pueyo Centelles , Rodrigo Santos , Sergio F. Ochoa , Roc Meseguer , Javier Orozco

Regardless of the extensive research conducted on large-scale evacuations, the instrumentation of these processes still represents an open issue for first response organizations. Self-evacuation of civilians that follows evacuation plans has shown to be feasible as early response to several natural disasters; however, the typical lack of interaction capability of the evacuees with first response organizations and emergency managers jeopardizes the effectiveness of these processes. This article proposes an IoT-based infrastructure that supports self-evacuation of civilians in mass processes, allowing people to participate as information providers and consumers. This infrastructure is the backbone of an ambient intelligence system used as a bridge between evacuees, first response units, and the emergency operation center managing the process. Depending on the people location and the status of the area, the system implements breadcrumbs that guide people to shelters and safe places. The proposed infrastructure includes (1) an architecture that captures the core design aspects of the solution and makes it reusable for other researchers, (2) an implementation of the system based on Raspberry Pi 3 devices with LoRa radio connectivity, (3) a mobile application that allows evacuees to interact with the evacuation system, and (4) a simplified algorithm to support the deployment of the IoT-based infrastructure into an urban area. The solution was evaluated using real measurements and simulations, and the obtained results are highly encouraging.



中文翻译:

基于物联网的基础设施可增强自然灾害事件中的自疏散

不管对大规模撤离进行了广泛的研究,这些过程的仪器化仍然是急救组织的一个公开问题。事实证明,按照疏散计划对平民进行自我疏散是可行的,因为可以对一些自然灾害作出早期反应;但是,疏散人员与急救组织和紧急情况管理人员之间通常缺乏互动能力,这危害了这些流程的有效性。本文提出了一种基于IoT的基础架构,该基础架构支持大规模流程中平民的自我疏散,使人们能够以信息提供者和消费者的身份参与其中。该基础结构是环境情报系统的骨干,用作疏散人员,第一响应单位和管理该过程的紧急操作中心之间的桥梁。根据人员所在的位置和该地区的状况,系统会实施面包屑,将人员引导到避难所和安全的地方。拟议的基础设施包括(1)捕获解决方案核心设计方面的体系结构,并使其可用于其他研究人员;(2)基于具有LoRa无线电连接的Raspberry Pi 3设备的系统实现;(3)移动设备。允许疏散人员与疏散系统进行交互的应用程序;以及(4)简化的算法,以支持将基于IoT的基础架构部署到市区。使用实际的测量和模拟对解决方案进行了评估,获得的结果令人鼓舞。拟议的基础设施包括(1)捕获解决方案核心设计方面的体系结构,并使其可用于其他研究人员;(2)基于具有LoRa无线电连接的Raspberry Pi 3设备的系统实现;(3)移动设备。允许疏散人员与疏散系统进行交互的应用程序;以及(4)简化的算法,以支持将基于IoT的基础架构部署到市区。使用实际的测量和模拟对解决方案进行了评估,获得的结果令人鼓舞。拟议的基础设施包括(1)捕获解决方案核心设计方面并使其可重用于其他研究人员的体系结构(2)基于具有LoRa无线电连接的Raspberry Pi 3设备的系统实现,(3)移动允许疏散人员与疏散系统进行交互的应用程序;以及(4)简化的算法,以支持将基于IoT的基础架构部署到市区。使用实际的测量和模拟对解决方案进行了评估,获得的结果令人鼓舞。(3)允许撤离人员与疏散系统进行交互的移动应用程序,以及(4)支持基于IoT的基础设施部署到市区的简化算法。使用实际的测量和模拟对解决方案进行了评估,获得的结果令人鼓舞。(3)允许撤离人员与疏散系统进行交互的移动应用程序,以及(4)支持基于IoT的基础设施部署到市区的简化算法。使用实际的测量和模拟对解决方案进行了评估,获得的结果令人鼓舞。

更新日期:2021-02-05
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