The effect of reflection is studied experimentally and theoretically on a high-power 110-GHz gyrotron operating in the TE_22,6 mode in 3μs pulses at 96kV, 40A. The experimental setup allows variation of the reflected power from 0 to 33% over a range of gyrotron operating conditions. The phase of the reflection is varied by translating the reflector along the axis. Operating at a higher efficiency point, at 4.40T with 940kW of output power, reflected power exceeding 11% causes a switch from operation in the TE_22,6 to simultaneous operation in the TE_22,6 and TE_21,6 modes with a large decrease of the total gyrotron output power. This switching effect is in good agreement with simulations using the MAGY code. Operating at a more stable point, 4.44T with 580kW of output power, when the reflection is increased, the output power remains in the TE_22,6 mode but it decreases monotonically with increasing reflection, dropping to 200kW at 33% reflection. Furthermore, at a reflection above 22%, a power modulation at 25 to 30MHz is observed, independent of the phase of the reflected wave. Such a modulated signal may be useful in spectroscopic and other applications.

_{在 TE 22,6}模式下以 96kV、40A 的 3μs 脉冲工作的高功率 110-GHz 回旋管上，对反射的影响进行了实验和理论上的研究。实验装置允许在回旋加速器工作条件范围内将反射功率从 0% 变化到 33%。通过沿轴平移反射器来改变反射的相位。在 4.40T 和 940kW 输出功率下以更高的效率点运行，反射功率超过 11% 会导致从 TE 22,6 中的运行切换到_{TE 22,6 和 TE 21,6中}的_同时运行回旋管总输出功率大幅下降的模式。这种切换效果与使用 MAGY 代码的模拟非常吻合。工作在更稳定的点，4.44T，输出功率为 580kW，当反射增加时，输出功率保持在 TE _22,6模式，但随着反射的增加单调下降，在 33% 的反射下降至 200kW。此外，在反射率高于 22% 时，观察到 25 至 30MHz 的功率调制，与反射波的相位无关。这种调制信号在光谱和其他应用中可能是有用的。