The operation of fundamental forces in quantum field theory is explicated here as the exchange of particles, consistently with the standard methodology of particle physics. The particles involved are seen to bear little relation to any classical particle but, rather, comprise unified collections of compresent, conserved quantities indicated by propagators. The exchange particles, which supervene upon quantum fields, are neither more fundamental than fields nor replace them as has often previously been assumed in models of exchange forces. It is argued that this explication of quantum field-theoretic exchange forces definitively improves upon its predecessors.

中文翻译：

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粒子物理中的交换力

量子场论中基本力的作用在这里被解释为粒子的交换，这与粒子物理学的标准方法一致。可以看到所涉及的粒子与任何经典粒子几乎没有关系，而是包含了由传播者指示的统一，保守量的统一集合。超越量子场的交换粒子既没有比电场更基本，也没有像以前在交换力模型中通常假定的那样取代它们。有人认为，量子场-理论交换力的这种局限性在它的前身上有了明显的改善。