The autoimmune diseases are characterized by overactivation of immune cells, chronic inflammation, and immune response to self-antigens, leading to the damage and dysfunction of multiple organs. Patients still do not receive desired clinical outcomes while suffer from various adverse effects imparted by current therapies. The therapeutic strategies based on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation have become the promising approach for the treatment of autoimmune diseases due to the immunomodulation property of MSCs. MSCs derived from perinatal tissues are collectively known as perinatal MSCs (PMSCs), which can be obtained via painless procedures from donors with lower risk of being contaminated by viruses than those MSCs from adult tissue sources. Therefore, PMSCs may be the ideal cell source for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This article summarizes recent progress and possible mechanisms of PMSCs in treating autoimmune diseases in animal experiments and clinical studies. This review also presents existing challenges and proposes solutions, which may provide new hints on PMSC transplantation as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

中文翻译：

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人围产期组织间充质基质细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的治疗应用

自身免疫性疾病的特征是免疫细胞过度活化，慢性炎症和对自身抗原的免疫反应，从而导致多个器官的损伤和功能障碍。患者仍然没有获得期望的临床结果，同时遭受当前疗法赋予的各种不良反应。基于间质基质细胞（MSC）移植的治疗策略由于MSCs的免疫调节特性，已成为治疗自身免疫性疾病的有前途的方法。源自围产期组织的MSC统称为围产期MSC（PMSC），与成人组织来源的MSC相比，可通过无痛操作从供者处获得其受病毒感染的风险较低。因此，PMSCs可能是治疗自身免疫性疾病的理想细胞来源。本文总结了PMSCs在动物实验和临床研究中治疗自身免疫性疾病的最新进展和可能的机制。这项审查还提出了现有的挑战并提出了解决方案，这可能为PMSC移植作为自身免疫性疾病的治疗策略提供新的提示。