In this study, an interval extension method of a bi-iterative is proposed to determine a moving source. This method is developed by utilising the time difference of arrival and frequency difference of arrival measurements of a signals received from several receivers. Unlike the standard Gaussian noise model, the time difference of arrival - frequency difference of arrival measurements are obtained by interval enclosing, which avoids convergence and initialisation problems in the conventional Taylor-series method. Using the bi-iterative strategy, the algorithm can alternately calculate the position and velocity of the moving source in interval vector form. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms other methods, and approaches the Cramer-Rao lower bound at a sufficiently high noise level before the threshold effect occurs. Moreover, the interval widths of the results provide the confidence degree of the estimate.

在这项研究中，提出了一种双向迭代的间隔扩展方法来确定运动源。通过利用从几个接收器接收到的信号的到达时间差和到达频率差来开发该方法。与标准的高斯噪声模型不同，到达时间差-到达频率差通过间隔封闭获得，避免了传统泰勒级数方法的收敛和初始化问题。使用双向迭代策略，该算法可以间隔向量形式交替计算移动源的位置和速度。仿真结果表明，该方案明显优于其他方法，并在阈值效应发生之前以足够高的噪声水平接近Cramer-Rao下限。而且，结果的间隔宽度提供了估计的置信度。