Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are employed for different applications for the reason of small-sized and low-cost sensor nodes. However, several challenges that include a low powered battery of the sensor nodes restrict their functionality. Therefore, saving energy in the routing process to extend network life is a serious concern while deploying applications on WSN. To this end, the key technology is clustering, which helps maximize scalability and network lifecycle. Base station (BS) collects data, aggregates it, and extracts the required information. To obtain the maximum outcome, the lifetime of the network is maximized by the use of different techniques and protocols. Data transmissions consume most of the network energy, and the transmissions over normal ranges require less energy as compared to transmissions over long ranges. Moreover, the nodes closer to the BS deplete their energy faster as compared to distant nodes because of traffic overload. The proposed protocol is aimed at reducing energy consumption and increasing the network lifetime. For this purpose, the network is divided into two regions: region 1 closer to the BS communicating directly, whereas region 2 farther away from the BS having routing nodes to communicate with the BS. Routing nodes do not take part in sensing function but will only move in region 2 collecting data and forwarding it to BS. MATLAB is used as the simulation tool for evaluation, and the results are compared with the existing optimized region-based efficient routing (AORED) and low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchical protocol (LEACH) techniques. The comparison showed that energy conservation and lifetime increased by 15%, and throughput is increased by more than 5% approximately.

中文翻译：

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RBM：无线传感器网络的基于区域的移动路由协议

由于传感器节点的尺寸小和成本低，无线传感器网络（WSN）被用于不同的应用程序。但是，包括传感器节点电量低的电池在内的一些挑战限制了它们的功能。因此，在WSN上部署应用程序时，在路由过程中节省能源以延长网络寿命是一个严重的问题。为此，关键技术是群集，它有助于最大化可扩展性和网络生命周期。基站（BS）收集数据，对其进行汇总并提取所需的信息。为了获得最大的结果，通过使用不同的技术和协议来最大化网络的生命周期。数据传输消耗了大部分网络能量，与长距离传输相比，正常范围内的传输所需的能量更少。此外，与远端节点相比，由于业务量超载，与BS较近的节点消耗能量的速度更快。提出的协议旨在减少能耗并延长网络寿命。为此，将网络划分为两个区域：靠近BS的区域1直接通信，而远离BS的区域2具有路由节点以与BS通信。路由节点不参与传感功能，而只会在区域2中移动以收集数据并将其转发给BS。使用MATLAB作为评估的仿真工具，并将结果与​​现有的优化的基于区域的有效路由（AORED）和低能耗自适应聚类分层协议（LEACH）技术进行比较。比较表明，节能和使用寿命增加了15％，