The impact of simulated seawater acidification and warming conditions on specimens of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis locally adapted to very distinct, widely separated sites in the Mediterranean Sea (Tunisia) and Atlantic Sea (Galicia, NW Spain) was evaluated in relation to key behavioural and eco-physiological parameters. Over the 2-month exposure to the experimental conditions, mussels were fed optimally to ensure that there are no synergistic interactions between climate change drivers and energetic status of the individuals. In general, regardless of origin (Atlantic or Mediterranean), the mussels were rather resilient to acidification for most of the parameters considered and they were able to grow in strongly acidified seawater through an increased feeding activity. However, shell strength decreased (40%) consistently in both mussel populations held in moderately and highly acidified seawater. The observed reduction in shell strength was not explained by slight alterations in organic matter, shell thickness or aragonite:calcite ratio. The combined effects of high acidification and warming on the key response of byssus strength caused a strong decline in mussel performance, although only in Galician mussels, in which the valve opening time decreased sharply as well as condition index (soft tissue state) and shell growth. By contrast, the observed negative effect of highly acidified scenario on the strength of Tunisian mussel shells was (partly but not totally) counterbalanced by the higher seawater temperature. Eco-physiological and behavioural interactions in mussels in relation to climate change are complex, and future scenarios for the ecology of the species and also the feasibility of cultivating them in Atlantic and Mediterranean zones are discussed.

中文翻译：

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地中海贻贝Mytilus galloprovincialis：对气候变化情景的响应与原始栖息地的关系

模拟海水酸化和变暖条件对贻贝贻贝贻贝标本的影响针对关键行为和生态生理参数，对当地适应于地中海（突尼斯）和大西洋（西班牙加利西亚）的非常不同的，广泛分离的地点进行了评估。在暴露于实验条件的2个月内，对贻贝进行了最佳饲喂，以确保气候变化驱动因素与个体精力充沛状态之间没有协同作用。通常，无论考虑哪个产地（大西洋或地中海），贻贝在考虑的大多数参数上都对酸化具有较强的抵抗力，并且能够通过增加摄食活动而在强酸化的海水中生长。然而，在中度和高度酸化的海水中，两种贻贝种群的壳强度持续下降（40％）。观察到的壳强度降低不能通过有机物，壳厚度或文石：方解石比例的微小变化来解释。尽管仅在加利西亚贻贝中，瓣膜打开时间以及条件指数（软组织状态）和壳生长急剧下降，但高酸化和升温对底质强度关键响应的综合影响导致贻贝性能大幅下降。 。相比之下，海水温度升高抵消了高度酸化情景对突尼斯贻贝壳强度的负面影响（部分但并非全部）。贻贝与气候变化有关的生态，生理和行为相互作用十分复杂，