We study the helicity density patterns which can result from the emerging bipolar regions. Using the relevant dynamo model and the magnetic helicity conservation law we find that the helicity density patterns around the bipolar regions depend on the configuration of the ambient large-scale magnetic field, and in general they show a quadrupole distribution. The position of this pattern relative to the equator can depend on the tilt of the bipolar region. We compute the time–latitude diagrams of the helicity density evolution. The longitudinally averaged effect of the bipolar regions shows two bands of sign for the density distributions in each hemisphere. Similar helicity density patterns are provided by the helicity density flux from the emerging bipolar regions subjected to surface differential rotation.

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非轴对称太阳发电机的磁螺旋密度模式

我们研究了可能由新兴的双极区域产生的螺旋密度模式。使用相关的发电机模型和磁螺旋度守恒定律，我们发现双极区域周围的螺旋度密度模式取决于环境大尺度磁场的配置，并且通常呈现四极分布。这种模式相对于赤道的位置可能取决于双极区域的倾斜。我们计算了螺旋度密度演化的时间纬度图。双极区域的纵向平均效应显示每个半球中密度分布的两个符号带。来自经受表面微分旋转的新兴双极区域的螺旋密度通量提供了类似的螺旋密度模式。