ABSTRACT

Existing literature examines how different immigrant attributes influence support for admission and naturalisation, but few studies consider how they affect support for deportation. Naturalisation and deportation follow distinct logics, with the former marking full inclusion into the nation and the latter involving complete exclusion. Citizens are likely to include (through naturalisation) immigrants who have economic and cultural attributes that aid host country integration but will not necessarily exclude (through deportation) immigrants without such traits. Instead, deportation may be reserved for immigrants who have broken rules by entering illegally or overstaying visas. We test our expectations through a survey experiment in which respondents were asked whether hypothetical immigrants already living in the United States should be granted citizenship, allowed to stay without citizenship, or deported. An immigrant’s legal status strongly influenced respondents’ support for both naturalisation and deportation, while economic and cultural characteristics primarily affected support for naturalisation. Host society integration, including an immigrant’s intention to vote if granted citizenship, increased support for naturalisation. Republicans were substantially more likely to deport and less likely to naturalise any hypothetical immigrant. Our findings highlight the need for more research on the factors that shape attitudes toward deportation as a distinct immigration outcome.

摘要

现有文献研究了不同的移民属性如何影响对接纳和入籍的支持，但很少有研究考虑它们如何影响对驱逐出境的支持。入籍和驱逐出境遵循不同的逻辑，前者标志着完全融入国家，后者则意味着完全排斥。公民可能包括（通过入籍）具有有助于东道国融入的经济和文化属性的移民，但不一定会（通过驱逐出境）排除没有这些特征的移民。取而代之的是，驱逐出境可能只针对因非法入境或逾期居留签证而违反规定的移民。我们通过一项调查实验来检验我们的期望，在该实验中，受访者被问及是否应该授予已经居住在美国的假想移民公民身份、是否允许在没有公民身份的情况下居留或被驱逐出境。移民的法律地位强烈影响受访者对入籍和驱逐出境的支持，而经济和文化特征主要影响对入籍的支持。东道国社会的融合，包括移民在获得公民身份后的投票意向，增加了对入籍的支持。共和党人更有可能将任何假设的移民驱逐出境，而不太可能入籍。我们的研究结果强调需要对影响将驱逐出境作为一种独特的移民结果的态度的因素进行更多研究。允许无国籍居留，或被驱逐出境。移民的法律地位强烈影响受访者对入籍和驱逐出境的支持，而经济和文化特征主要影响对入籍的支持。东道国社会的融合，包括移民在获得公民身份后的投票意向，增加了对入籍的支持。共和党人更有可能将任何假设的移民驱逐出境，而不太可能入籍。我们的研究结果强调需要对影响将驱逐出境作为一种独特的移民结果的态度的因素进行更多研究。允许无国籍居留，或被驱逐出境。移民的法律地位强烈影响受访者对入籍和驱逐出境的支持，而经济和文化特征主要影响对入籍的支持。东道国社会的融合，包括移民在获得公民身份后的投票意向，增加了对入籍的支持。共和党人更有可能将任何假设的移民驱逐出境，而不太可能入籍。我们的研究结果强调需要对影响将驱逐出境作为一种独特的移民结果的态度的因素进行更多研究。东道国社会的融合，包括移民在获得公民身份后的投票意向，增加了对入籍的支持。共和党人更有可能将任何假设的移民驱逐出境，而不太可能入籍。我们的研究结果强调需要对影响将驱逐出境作为一种独特的移民结果的态度的因素进行更多研究。东道国社会的融合，包括移民在获得公民身份后的投票意向，增加了对入籍的支持。共和党人更有可能将任何假设的移民驱逐出境，而不太可能入籍。我们的研究结果强调需要对影响将驱逐出境作为一种独特的移民结果的态度的因素进行更多研究。