ABSTRACT

This article considers how the colonial British government’s appropriation of the Kariba Dam historically excluded the BaTonga people from accessing the dam’s resources. Dispossession and appropriation of the Kariba Dam resulted in the impoverishment of the BaTonga of north-western Zimbabwe. In this study, impoverishment of the BaTonga is understood in relation to their failure to adequately reach Thayer ‘Ted’ Scudder’s stages 3 and 4 of the Four Stages Framework (FSF) of successful resettlement. The article argues that when people are denied access to reservoirs and their resources for both religious and socioeconomic reasons, they hardly pass through the four stages adequately. The article is based on ethnographic research and extensive document analysis conducted among the BaTonga between April and October 2017.

摘要

本文考虑了英国殖民政府对Kariba大坝的挪用，这在历史上是如何使巴通加人无法获得大坝资源的。对卡里巴水坝的没收和挪用导致津巴布韦西北部的巴通加（BaTonga）贫困。在这项研究中，人们将巴通加的贫困理解为未能成功达到Thayer'Ted'Scudder的成功移民四阶段框架（FSF）的第3和第4阶段。该文章认为，当出于宗教和社会经济原因而拒绝人们使用水库及其资源时，他们很难充分通过这四个阶段。本文基于2017年4月至2017年10月在BaTonga之间进行的人种学研究和广泛的文档分析得出。