Objectives

To evaluate and compare nurses' depression, anxiety and stress symptoms at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and after six months; to evaluate and compare the frequency of use of mental health promotion strategies during the same period; and to identify the relationship between the frequency of use of mental health promotion strategies, during the same period, with nurses’ depression, anxiety and stress symptoms.

Methods

Data collection was carried out in two moments: at baseline and after six months. An online questionnaire was applied to nurses to assess the frequency of use of some mental health promotion strategies and their depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (through the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – short version (DASS-21)).

Results

The anxiety and stress symptoms significantly decreased over time. The physical activity increased, and a decrease was observed in the remote social contacts after six months. The stress, anxiety and depression scores were significantly lower in nurses who frequently or always used all strategies compared to participants who never or rarely used them, except for one strategy (rejecting information about COVID-19 from unreliable sources).

Conclusions

Mental health promotion strategies, such as physical activity, relaxation activity, recreational activity, healthy diet, adequate water intake, breaks between work shifts, maintenance of remote social contacts, and verbalization of feelings/emotions, are crucial to reduce nurses’ stress, anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak.

中文翻译：

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在 COVID-19 爆发期间护士使用心理健康促进策略来减少焦虑、压力和抑郁：一项前瞻性队列研究

目标

评估和比较护士在 COVID-19 大流行开始时和六个月后的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状；评估和比较同期心理健康促进策略的使用频率；并确定同一时期心理健康促进策略的使用频率与护士的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状之间的关系。

方法

数据收集在两个时刻进行：基线时和六个月后。对护士进行了在线问卷调查，以评估某些心理健康促进策略的使用频率及其抑郁、焦虑和压力症状（通过抑郁焦虑压力量表 - 简短版 (DASS-21)）。

结果

随着时间的推移，焦虑和压力症状显着减少。六个月后，身体活动增加，远程社交接触减少。与从不或很少使用所有策略的参与者相比，经常或总是使用所有策略的护士的压力、焦虑和抑郁评分明显较低，除了一种策略（拒绝来自不可靠来源的有关 COVID-19 的信息）。

结论

心理健康促进策略，如身体活动、放松活动、娱乐活动、健康饮食、充足的饮水、轮班休息、保持远程社交联系以及表达感受/情绪，对于减轻护士的压力、焦虑至关重要COVID-19 爆发期间出现抑郁症状。